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\begin{document}
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\title{Notes on setup of PostScript fonts for \LaTeXe}
\author{Sebastian Rahtz\\\texttt{Sebastian.Rahtz@tex.ac.uk}}
\date{\filedate}
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\tableofcontents
\section{Introduction}

This set of files\footnote{Thanks are due to many, many, people for
  correcting errors and helping, including Michel Goossens, Alois
  Steindl, Constantin Kahn, Berthold Horn, Alan Jeffrey, 
  Howard Marvel, Frank Poppe,
  Andrew Trevorrow\ldots} offers a sample working setup for \LaTeXe's
NFSS and \PS\ fonts; it is based on the system I created between 1989
and 1991 for Southampton Computer Science department, checked and
updated for NFSS2, and subsequently \LaTeXe.  You should be familiar with
the standard \LaTeXe\ files and their use to follow this document.

Packages are offered to set documents in the common PostScript fonts,
plus common free fonts (Charter, Utopia etc).  All Lucida fonts are
supported, and the MathTime fonts.  It is assumed that Karl Berry's
naming scheme is followed.  Textures users, however, can get a basic
set of .sty and .fd files using Textures font names by running \TeX\ 
on \texttt{textures.ins}.

\textbf{IMPORTANT NOTE:} .fd files and .tfm files for the common setup are
\emph{not} included in this package. They can be found in the CTAN
archives in the companion collection (\texttt{fonts/metrics}) for each
font family separately.  That collection also includes simpler \LaTeXe\ 
package files for each font family. To install a font family, take the
following steps:
\begin{enumerate}
\item Locate the font family in the \texttt{fonts/metrics} directory,
  which is divided up by foundry (eg adobe, monotype etc). If, for
  instance, you want the `normal' Times Roman, this is in
  \texttt{adobe/times}. The family names for the directories are made
  by taking the first 8 letters of the full family name.
\item Each family directory has subdirectories containing +.tfm+,
  +.vf+ and +.fd+ files. You need to install these where \LaTeXe\ and
  your driver will   find them. \LaTeXe\ will need the +.tfm+ and
  +.fd+ files, and the driver needs the +.vf+ files (and possibly the
  +.tfm+ ones too).
\item You now need to tell your driver that you are going to use these
  new PostScript fonts (to stop it looking for Metafont sources and
  +.pk+ files). Using +dvips+ this is accomplished by taking the +.map+
  file in the family directory and appending it to the standard
  +psfonts.map+ file of dvips. Alternatively you can install the
  +.map+ and the config file (named +config.+\emph{short family name} (eg
  Times' short name is ptm, so the config file is +config.ptm+) where
  dvips' support files live, and use eg +dvips -Pptm+ to load the
  extra +.map+ file on the fly. Refer to the dvips manual for full
  details of map and config files.

  If you don't use dvips, refer to your driver's manual for how to
  tell it about new PostScript fonts.
\item If the font is not resident in the printer, you'll have to
  download it. You can use software supplied with the font to do this,
  or (if you use dvips) have it done on the fly. \emph{However}, note
  that the names in the +.map+ files supplied on CTAN assume strict
  conformancy with the Berry scheme --- you may have to rename your
  +.pfb+ or +.pfa+ font file.
\item If you just want to load one font family, and have it replace
  the default roman, sans or typewriter family in your document, each
  of the font family directories has a simple \LaTeX2e\ .sty package
  file.
\end{enumerate}

It is also \textbf{Very Important} to understand the naming system and
generation of the fonts! This setup follows the latest version of the
scheme by Karl Berry (on CTAN in +info/fontname+) religiously; this
means that the default +psfonts.map+ file of +dvips+ does \emph{not}
use the same names as us, so you \emph{do} need to use the procedure
above. The metric and +.fd+ files are \emph{different} from those
distributed by all other suppliers as this time (June 1994). Thus, for
Times Roman, the OT1-encoded font is called +ptmr7t+, the T1-encoded
font is +ptmrq+ and the raw font is +ptmr0+. This system will be
followed exactly in all PostScript font support in \LaTeXe.

The font metric files whose use we assume are those generated using
Alan Jeffrey's \emph{fontinst} package. These generate quite tight
setting compared to other systems, which may produce a lot of
hyphenation or overfull boxes if you are not careful. If you are
having trouble, Alan Jeffrey recommends the following settings:
\begin{verbatim}
   \tolerance800
   \emergencystretch2em
   \doublehyphendemerits5000
   \hfuzz0pt
   \leftskip0pt minus 1pt
   \rightskip0pt minus 1pt
\end{verbatim}

\section{Standard installation}
This distribution is provided as a set of \verb+.dtx+ files which need
to be unpacked using \emph{docstrip} to create user files.  The
resulting \verb+.sty+ files change the font defaults to use some new
group of fonts (sometimes just one default is changed).

Scripts are provided for \emph{docstrip} in the form of \texttt{.ins}
files, which simply need to be run through \TeX; when that has been
done, install all the \texttt{.sty} files that result in a
directory where \LaTeX\ will find them.

You have an important decision to make at some point --- are you going
to use fonts encoded in the `Cork' layout, or the old ones which look
like the CM fonts described in the \TeX\ book? This manual will not
attempt to explain why you should or should not use Cork fonts\ldots
Font description (\texttt{.fd}) files are available for both T1 and OT1
encoding in the CTAN \texttt{fonts/metrics} directories.

If you follow the Cork-encoding route, you need different \TeX\ font
metric files and virtual font files. To activate this, use the package
\texttt{t1enc}.

\emph{Important.} If you use the Cork (T1 in \LaTeXe\ scheme) encoding, you
will probably also need the `dc' CM fonts to go with them, for maths
and so on.

The standard `35' \PS\ fonts built into most \PS\ printers
are known by their `Berry' names:
\begin{quote}
  \begin{tabular}{|ll|}
\hline
Family name & Full name\\
\hline
pag&Adobe AvantGarde\\
pbk&Adobe Bookman\\
pcr&Adobe Courier\\
phv&Adobe Helvetica\\
pnc&Adobe NewCenturySchoolbook\\
ppl&Adobe Palatino\\
ptm&Adobe TimesRoman\\
pzc&Adobe ZapfChancery\\
psy&Adobe Symbol font\\
pzd&Adobe ZapfDingbats\\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{quote}

To create font and package files for Lucida and Lucida Bright (including
Lucida Bright maths), run \TeX\ on \texttt{lucida.ins}. 

If you have the MathTime fonts, look at the separate instructions
(\texttt{readme} etc) in the \texttt{mathtime} directory, which will
provide setups for using the fonts with a variety of typefaces apart
from Times.

\section{Testing}
All installers should run \texttt{test0.tex} through \LaTeX\ and print
the result, after installing their chosen setup, to ensure that things
are more or less working. The OT1 encoding demonstration will
\emph{not} have a proper set of pounds signs! They will all be italic.
\texttt{test1.tex} will exercise your supply of
PostScript fonts.

\textbf{Do not worry if nothing but \texttt{test0.tex} works!}.
\texttt{test0.ps} is a prebuilt version of \texttt{test0.tex} for you
to compare.

\section{User interface}

The daily user will simply use one of the packages \texttt{times},
\texttt{newcent}, \texttt{helvet}, \texttt{palatino} etc to change the
default text fonts for one or more of the roman, sans-serif and
typewriter faces.  Table \ref{styles} lists the effects of the package
files created in the installation procedure.

The special package \texttt{pifont} gives access to the Dingbat
and Symbol fonts. This is described in \emph{The \LaTeX\ Companion}.
\begin{table}
\begin{small}
  \begin{tabular}{|l|lll|}
\hline
Package & Sans font & Roman font & Typewriter font\\
\hline
times.sty & Helvetica & Times & Courier\\
palatino.sty & Helvetica & Palatino & Courier\\
helvet.sty   & Helvetica & &\\
avant.sty   & AvantGarde & &\\
newcent.sty & AvantGarde & NewCenturySchoolbook & Courier\\
bookman.sty &  AvantGarde & Bookman & Courier\\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{small}
\caption{Effect of package files\label{styles}}
\end{table}
Note that maths fonts will stay the same unless you have suitable
fonts to load. If the Adobe Lucida Maths fonts have been purchased, and
appropriate metrics obtained, loading \texttt{lucmath} will remove
all reference to CMR fonts in the document. Alternatively, purchase
the Lucida Bright font set and use the \texttt{lucbr} package.

\subsection{Important --- variant OT1 font encoding}
The package files assume that you have already made the choice of
which text font encoding scheme you prefer (T1 or OT1), and that it is
the default when the \LaTeX\ job starts. However, you may need to
override the defaults if you use the OT1 \verb+tfm+ files distributed
with dvips, as some characters are not in the expected places.
Similarly, Textures users will find things not quite right. For
this purpose the package file \verb+ot1var+ is provided; this changes
some macro definitions to make the necessary fixes, with options
[dvips] and [textures] (default is [dvips]).


\begin{tabular}{|ll|}
\hline
Family name & Full name\\
\hline
bch & Bitstream Charter\\
hlc&B\&H Lucida Bright\\
hlcs&B\&H Lucida Sans\\
hlct&B\&H Lucida Bright Typewriter\\
pgm&Adobe Garamond\\
mim&Monotype Imprint\\
mnt&Monotype Times New Roman\\
pgm&Adobe ITC Garamond\\
pgs&Adobe MGillSans\\
pgs&Adobe MGillSans\\
plc&Adobe Lucida\\
plcs&Adobe Lucida Sans\\
pnb&NewBaskerville\\
pop&Adobe Optima\\
pun&Adobe Univers\\
put&Adobe Utopia-Regular\\
unmr&URW NimbusRoman-Regular\\
unmrs&URW NimbusSans-Regular\\
\hline
\end{tabular}

\begin{table}
\begin{small}
  \begin{tabular}{|l|lll|}
\hline
Package & Sans font & Roman font & Typewriter font\\
\hline
basker.sty & & Monotype Baskerville &\\
bembo.sty &  & Bembo & \\
charter & & Bitstream Charter & \\
garamond.sty & & Adobe Garamond & \\
mtimes & & Monotype Times & \\
nimbus  & URW NimbusSans-Regular & URW NimbusRoman-Regular & \\
utopia  & & Utopia & \\
lucid.sty & LucidaSans & Lucida & Courier\\
lucbr.sty & LucidaSans & LucidaBright & LucidaTypewriter\\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{small}
\caption{Effect of extra package files\label{exstyles}}

Notes: a) \texttt{lucbr.sty} uses the font names for Lucida Bright
which conform to Karl Berry's scheme. Use package optipn `yy' to use
the font names supplied by Y\&Y. b) If you want to use just standard
PostScript fonts for math, Alan Jeffrey's \emph{mathptm} package does
as good a job as possible (though it still needs access to some CMR
math fonts). The extra metric and virtual font files that this needs
are supplied with Adobe Times Roman in the CTAN
\verb|fonts/metrics/adobe/times| directory.
\end{table}

\end{document}