The Project Gutenberg EBook of Christmas-Tide, by Elizabeth Harrison

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Title: Christmas-Tide

Author: Elizabeth Harrison

Release Date: January 21, 2013 [EBook #41894]

Language: English

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[Illustration]


A little boy in Miss Harrison's kindergarten heard the story of the
legend of the Christ Child, told just prior to his going to Europe for
a three months trip with his father and mother. While there his mother
took him one day with her to see a collection of art photographs. He
looked at them quietly and thoughtfully for a time, and then picking
up a copy of the above picture he said, "Mamma, you told me I might
take a present home to Miss Harrison, and I would like to take her
this picture, because it looks just as I think the little Christ Child
that she read us about must have looked."

So beautiful was the thought embodied in the story that it left the
same impression upon the mind of the child that the great artist
Murillo had left upon canvas. This is but one instance that great
thoughts do make impressions upon the mind of the child.




CHRISTMAS-TIDE



BY

ELIZABETH HARRISON

CO-PRINCIPAL OF THE CHICAGO KINDERGARTEN COLLEGE



PUBLISHED BY
CHICAGO KINDERGARTEN COLLEGE
10 VAN BUREN STREET
CHICAGO

COPYRIGHTED 1902
BY
ELIZABETH HARRISON




    DEDICATED TO MY FATHER
    FROM WHOSE HEART AND LIFE AGE CANNOT
    BANISH THE
    PERPETUAL CHRISTMAS-TIDE

    --E. H.




CONTENTS


                                                                 PAGE

   I. CHRISTMAS PRESENTS                                            9

  II. THE PLACE OF TOYS IN THE EDUCATION OF A CHILD                25

 III. HOW TO CELEBRATE CHRISTMAS                                   41

  IV. SANTA CLAUS                                                  49

   V. A CHRISTMAS EXPERIENCE                                       55

  VI. A CHRISTMAS CAROL                                            81

 VII. CHRISTMAS STORIES FOR THE CHILDREN                          219

VIII. A CHRISTMAS STORY FOR GROWN-UPS                             237

  IX. A CHRISTMAS SONG                                            247

   X. BIBLE STORY OF CHRISTMAS                                    251




I.

CHRISTMAS PRESENTS.


Many mothers are sorely perplexed as the Christmas-tide approaches by
the problem of how to select such presents for their children as will
help them rather than hinder them in their much-needed self-activity.
Let the toys be _simple, strong, and durable, that your child may not
gain habits of reckless extravagance and destruction_ which flimsy
toys always engender. Remember a few good toys, like a few good books,
are far better than many poor toys. Toys in which the child's own
creative power has full play are far better than the finished toys
from the French manufacturers. In fact, too complex a toy is like too
highly seasoned food, too elaborately written books, too old society,
or any other mature thing forced upon the immature mind. Your choice
should be based, not so much on _what the toy is, as on what the child
can do with it_. The instinctive delight of putting their own thought
into their play-things instead of accepting the thought of the
manufacturer explains why simple toys are often more pleasing to
children than expensive ones.

The following list has been compiled from such toys as have delighted
as well as have helped the children of kindergarten-trained mothers.


    TOYS FOR CHILDREN FROM ONE TO TWO YEARS OF AGE.

    Linen picture-books, rubber animals, cotton-flannel animals, rubber
    rings, worsted balls, strings of spools, knit dolls, rag dolls,
    rubber dolls, wooden animals (unpainted), new silver dollars.

The kindergarten materials helpful at this period of the child's
development are the soft worsted balls of the first gift. When the
child begins to listen to sounds and to attempt to articulate, the
sphere, cube, and cylinder of the second gift may be given to him.
These two gifts, when rightly used, assist the clear, distinct, and
normal growth of the powers of observation and aid the little one in
expressing himself, even before he has language at his command. Songs
and games illustrative of the various ways in which these gifts can be
used with a young child, are to be found in the Kindergarten Guides
now published. Some very good ones are included in the first year's
course of study for mothers of the Kindergarten College. However,
almost any mother can invent plays with them for her child.


The kindergarten materials found most helpful for this period of the
average child's growth are the second gift and the divided cubes of
the third gift. With the latter the child can early be trained into
habits of _constructive_ play, rather than _destructive_ play. As all
children like to transform and rearrange their toys, this gift is
particularly adapted to that purpose. It is simple and easy to handle.
Much logical training can be given the child by teaching him to change
one form made with his blocks into another, without scattering, or
entirely destroying the first form. Many suggestive forms may also be
found in the various Kindergarten Guides already published. A series
of these are now being prepared by the College for general sale.
However, the child himself will oftentimes name the forms made by some
name of his own, which should be accepted by the mother. The wooden
tablets, sticks, rings, and points of the kindergarten can also be
used with a child from three to four years of age though they are, as
a rule, less satisfactory than the blocks. The second gift beads
furnish an almost exhaustless amusement for some children at this
stage of their growth. A long linen shoe-string with a firm knot tied
at one end has been found to be the most serviceable kind of a string
on which to string the beads. Knowledge of color, form, and number are
also incidentally taught the child by these beads.

Low sand tables are an almost endless pleasure to small children, as
sand is one of the most easily mastered of the materials of nature,
and can serve as a surface for the first efforts at drawing, or can be
the beginning of the childish attempts to mold the solid forms about
him. When lightly dampened it serves as an excellent substance on
which to leave the impress of various objects of interest. In fact,
there is scarcely any play in which the sand may not take part. The
child should be taught from the very beginning that he must not spill
the sand upon the floor nor throw it at any one. In case he violates
these laws of neatness and safety, the sand table may be removed for a
time.

A blackboard and chalk are usually a source of much keen and innocent
enjoyment to three and four year old children, especially if the
mother sometimes enters into the making of pictures, or story-telling
by means of pictures, no matter how crudely drawn. Various other
kindergarten "occupations" may be used by the trained mother--but the
untrained mother often finds them confusing and of little use.

Whenever it is possible the back yard should have a sand pile, a load
of kindling, and a swing in it, that the child in his instinctive
desire to master material, to construct, and to be free, may find
these convenient friends to help him in his laudable aspirations. The
street has less temptations for children thus provided for.


    TOYS FOR CHILDREN FROM THREE TO FIVE YEARS OF AGE.

    Blackboard and crayon, building blocks, balls, train of cars, doll
    and cradle, wooden beads to string, small glass beads to string,
    rocking-chair, doll's carriage, books with pictures of trade life,
    flowers, vegetables, etc., tracing cards and paper dolls, toy
    poultry yard with fences, trees, a woman, and a dozen ducks and
    chickens.

The more advanced gifts of the kindergarten now interest the child.
Clay modeling and paper folding can easily be taught him, and many of
the simpler formulas for the mat weaving, also some of the sewing. A
good kindergarten is the best play ground for a child at this stage of
his development, as he _needs_ comrades of his own age and ability. If
a kindergarten cannot be had the mother must be as nearly a child
herself as she knows how to be. Good, simple, wholesome stories now
become a part of the child's life. They form the door by which he is
later to be led into the great world of literature. Therefore,
story-books may be numbered among the suitable toys for four and five
year old children, though stories _told_ to the child are better.
Almost any mother who has her child's best interests at heart can
simplify the old Greek myths as retold by Hawthorne in his "Wonder
Book," or the Norse legends as given us by Hamilton Mabie in "Norse
Stories," or the rich, pithy experience of the Teutonic peoples as
collected in Grimm's "Fairy Tales." All of these contain the seeds of
wisdom which the early child races stored away in childish forms, and
therefore, they delight the heart of the child of to-day and aid
materially in cultivating his imagination in the right way.


    TOYS FOR CHILDREN FROM FIVE TO SIX YEARS OF AGE.

    Kitchen, laundry and baking sets, balls, building blocks, picture
    puzzles, dissecting maps, historical story-books, outline
    picture-books to color with paint or crayon, trumpet, music-box,
    desk, blackboard, wagon, whip, sled, kite, pipe for soap bubbles,
    train of cars, carpenter tools, jackstraws, hobby-horses,
    substantial cook-stove, sand table, skates, rubber boots, broom,
    Richter's stone blocks, shovel, spade, rake and hoe, marbles,
    tops, swing and see-saw, strong milk-wagon equipped with cylinder
    cans, substantial churn, a few bottles filled with water, spices,
    coffee, sugar, etc., for a drug store.

Ordinarily children of this age still love their kindergarten tools,
and can be led to do really pretty work with their mats, folding,
pasting, etc. The fifth and sixth gifts[1] now come into use and aid
the child in more definite expression of his ideas. More stories
should be told, and the beginning made of collections of pictures for
scrap-books, also collections of stones, leaves, curios for his own
little cabinet. Many references may from time to time be made to the
books to be read by and by, which will tell him wonderful things about
these treasures. In this way a desire to learn to read is awakened,
and soon the world of nature and of books takes the place of toys,
except of course, those by means of which bodily skill is gained and
tested. These later belong in general to the period of boyhood and
girlhood.

          [1] See "The Kindergarten Building Gifts" by Elizabeth
          Harrison and Belle Woodson.

To this list of Christmas toys is added a list of books suitable for
Christmas gifts. Very handsome books are to be avoided, as the child
delights in handling his own books almost as much as his own toys. The
value of the right kind of books cannot be too much emphasized. Is not
the food which you give to your child's mind of as much importance as
that which you give to his body?

When your boy stops questioning you, he has not stopped questioning
concerning life and its problems; he has turned to those silent
companions which you have placed upon his bookshelf or on the library
table. Shall heroes and prophets be his counselors, or shall "Peck's
Bad Boy" and the villain of the dime novel teach him how to look at
life? _It rests with you._

There is a great difference between books which are to be read _to_
children, those which are to be read _with_ children, and those which
are to be read _by_ children.

The second kind, which are more profitable than the first, require the
mother's sympathetic and genuine interest in the subject-matter in
hand; and frequent stops for little talks about what has been read are
necessary.

The third class are books for older children who can read well enough
to peruse them alone; but, if the mother will take time to read them
before giving them to the child, she will strengthen the bonds of
intellectual sympathy between herself and him.


    LIST No. 1.

    FOR CHILDREN UNDER SIX YEARS OF AGE.

    Mother-play and Nursery Song, by Frederick Froebel.

    Nursery Finger Plays, by Emile Poulsson.

    Mother Goose, in one syllable.

    Songs for Little Ones, by Eleanor Smith.

    Æsop's Fables, in one syllable, by Mary Mapes Dodge.

    Boley's Own Æsop; illustrated by Walter Crane.

    Baby World, by Mary Mapes Dodge.

    Rhymes and Jingles.

    Little People of the Air, by Olive Thorne Miller.

    Nonsense Book, by Edward Sears.


    LIST No. 2.

    FOR CHILDREN FROM SIX TO EIGHT YEARS OF AGE.

    Doll World, by Mrs. O. Reilly.

    Sparrow the Tramp, by Wesselhoeft.

    The Joyous Story of Toto, by L. E. Richards.

    Doings of the Bodley Family, by H. E. Scudder.

    Bodleys Telling Stories, by H. E. Scudder.

    The Bird's Christmas Carol, by K. D. Wiggin.

    Hans Andersen's Fairy Tales, translated by H. S. Brackstad.

    Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll.

    Bible Stories from the Old Testament, by Richard G. Moulton.

    Moon Folks, by Jane Austin.

    Mopsa the Fairy, by Ingelow.

    Evenings at Home, by Barbould and Aiken.

    Posies for Children, by Anna Lowell.

    Shanny and Light House.


    LIST No. 3.

    STORY-BOOKS.--FOR CHILDREN BETWEEN THE AGES OF EIGHT AND FOURTEEN.

    Seven Little Sisters, by Miss Jane Andrews.

    Each and All, by Miss Jane Andrews.

    Ten Little Boys on the Way from Long Ago to Now, by Miss Jane
    Andrews.

    Story of a Short Life, by Mrs. Juliana Horatia Ewing.

    Mary's Meadow, by Mrs. Juliana Horatia Ewing.

    Jackanapes, by Mrs. Juliana Horatia Ewing.

    Dandelion Clocks, by Mrs. Juliana Horatia Ewing.

    The Wonder Book, by Nathaniel Hawthorne; illustrated by Howard
    Pyle.

    Tanglewood Tales, by Nathaniel Hawthorne; illustrated by Howard
    Pyle.

    True Tales, by Nathaniel Hawthorne.

    Fairy Tales, by Jean Macé.

    Grimm's Household Tales.

    Fairy Tales, by Hans Christian Andersen.

    Two Grey Girls, by Ellen Haile.

    Three Brown Boys, by Ellen Haile.

    Chivalric Days.

    Robinson Crusoe, by De Foe.

    Hans Brinker, by Mary Mapes Dodge.

    Arabian Nights; illustrated by A. H. Houghton.

    Homer's Iliad and Odyssey; illustrated by John Flaxman.

    Shakespeare's Tempest and Two Gentlemen of Verona; illustrated by
    Walter Crane.

    Gulliver's Travels, by Dean Swift; illustrated by Gordon Browne.

    Legends of Sleepy Hollow, by Washington Irving; illustrated by A.
    H. Houghton.

    Christmas Stories, by Dickens; illustrated by E. A. Abbey.

    Child's Dream of a Star, by Dickens.

    Water Babies, by Charles Kingsley.

    A Child Garden of Verse, by Robert Louis Stevenson; illustrated by
    Charles Robinson.

    The Boy with an Idea, Putnam & Sons, publishers.

    Young Merchants, Putnam & Sons, publishers.

    Boy Engineer, Putnam & Sons, publishers.

    Story of the Nations (8 vols.), Putnam & Sons, publishers.

    Adventures of Ulysses, by Charles Lamb.

    Tales from Shakespeare, by Charles Lamb.

    Stories from Greek Tragedians, by Rev. A. J. Church.

    The Golden Age, by James Baldwin.

    The Vision of Dante, by Elizabeth Harrison; illustrated by Walter
    Crane.

    Æsop's Fables (without the moral explanations attached).

    Swiss Family Robinson.

    The Lame Prince, by Miss Mulock.

    Parables from Nature, by Margaret Gattey.

    Child Life, by J. G. Whittier.

    Child's History of England, by Charles Dickens.

    In Storyland, by Elizabeth Harrison.

    Bible Stories from the New Testament, by Richard G. Moulton.

    Nonsense Books, by Edward Lear.

    The Monkey that Would Not Kill, by Henry Drummond.

    The Heroes, by Charles Kingsley.

    At the Back of the North Wind, by George MacDonald.

    Uncle Remus, by Joel Chandler Harris.

    Tom Brown at Rugby, by Thomas Hughes.

    Nehe, by Anna Pierpont Siviter; illustrated by Chase Emerson.

    The Princess Story Book.

    The Cruise of the Cachalot, by Frank Bullen.

    The American Boys' Handy Book, by D. C. Beard.

    The Jungle Book, by Rudyard Kipling.

Boyhood is pre-eminently the period of perception. Hence all books on
scientific subjects are helpful, if they are simple enough to aid the
child in seeing nature and her marvels. The mother should be careful
that the child does not rest in mere perception of the objects of
nature, but that he compares and classifies them, and above all, that
he is led to trace a purpose in created things, in order that he may
learn "to look through nature up to nature's God."


    LIST OF CHILDREN'S BOOKS ON SCIENTIFIC SUBJECTS.

    The Story Mother Nature Told, by Jane Andrews.

    Child's Book of Nature (3 vols.), by Worthington Hooper.

    Among the Stars, by Agnes Giberne.

    History of a Mouthful of Bread, by Jean Macé.

    Overhead, by Laura and Anna Moore.

    Life and Her Children, by Arabella Buckley.

    Winners in Life's Race, by Arabella Buckley.

    Fairyland of Science, by Arabella Buckley.

    Little Folks in Feathers and Furs, by Olive Thorne Miller.

    Queer Pets.

    Little Lucy's Wonderful Globe, by Charlotte M. Yonge.

    Four Feet, Two Feet, and No Feet.

    Odd Folks at Home, by C. L. Mateaux.

    Tenants of an Old Farm Yard, by McCook.

    Home Studies in Nature, by Mary Treat.

Many other valuable books might be added to this list. However, a few
good books are better than many less good ones. It is well to lead a
child to the world's _great books_ as soon as possible. Enough have
been given to show the kinds of books which are not hurtful to
children. Each book on the above list has been personally inspected.

After all, it is not so important what your child reads as what you
read. If the father reads _nothing_ but the newspapers and the mother
_nothing_ but novels, what then? Children are taught as much by the
general tone of conversation of their parents as by the books they are
given to read.


    A LIST OF BOOKS HELPFUL TO MOTHERS AND TEACHERS IN THEIR STUDY OF
    CHILD NATURE.

    Mother-play and Nursery Song, by Frederick Froebel.

    Letters to a Mother, by Susan E. Blow.

    Symbolic Education, by Susan E. Blow.

    Commentaries of Froebel's Mother-play Songs, by Denton J. Snider.

    A Study of Child Nature, by Elizabeth Harrison.

    The Child, by Madam Marenholtz von Bulow.

    Household Education, by Harriet Martineau.

    Levana, by Jean Paul Richter.

    Christian Nurture, by Horace Bushnell.

    Conscious Motherhood, by Emma Marwedel.

    Bits of Talk about Home Matters, by H. H.

    Reminiscences of Froebel, by Madam Marenholtz von Bulow.

    The Children for Christ, by Rev. Andrew Murray.

    From the Cradle to the School, by Bertha Meyer.

    Gentle Measures in Training the Young, by Jacob Abbott.

    Emil, by Jean Paul Rousseau.

    Leonard and Gertrude, by Pestalozzi.

    Hints on Early Education, Anonymous.

    For Boys, a Special Physiology, by Mrs. E. R. Shepherd.

    For Girls, a Special Physiology, by Mrs. E. R. Shepherd.


    LIST OF BOOKS HELPFUL TO MOTHERS AND TEACHERS IN SCIENCE.

    Steps in Scientific Knowledge, by Paul Bert.

    History of a Mouthful of Bread, by Jean Macé.

    Ministry of Nature, by Hugh Macmillan.

    Bible Teachings in Nature, by Hugh Macmillan.

    Sabbath in the Fields, by Hugh Macmillan.

    Elementary Book of Zoölogy, by Packard.

    Little Folks in Feathers and Furs, by Olive Thorne Miller.

    The Geological Story Briefly Told, by Dana.

    Science Primer--Geology, by Archibald Geikie.

    Science Primer--Botany, by F. D. Hooker.

    Science Primer--Chemistry, by H. E. Roscoe.

    Madam How and Lady Why, by Charles Kingsley.

    Principles of Geology, by Lyell.

    How Plants Grow, by Gray.

    How Plants Behave, by Gray.

    Child's Book of Nature, by Hooker.

    Elementary Botany, by Bessey.

    Revised Manual of Botany, by Gray.

    Plant Relations, by John M. Coulter.




II.

THE PLACE OF TOYS IN THE EDUCATION OF A CHILD.


As Christmas is peculiarly the season for toy-giving and
toy-receiving, it may be well for the mother to consider this subject.

Old Homer, back in the past ages, shows us a charming picture of
Nausicaa and her maidens, after a hard day's washing, resting
themselves with a game of ball. Thus we see this most free and
graceful plaything connected with that free and beautifully developed
nation which has been the admiration of the world ever since. Plato
has said, "The plays of children have the mightiest influence on the
maintenance or non-maintenance of laws"; and again, "During earliest
childhood, the soul of the nursling should be made cheerful and kind,
by keeping away from him sorrow and fear and pain, by soothing him
with sound of the pipe and of rhythmical movement." He still further
advised that the children should be brought to the temples, and
allowed to play under the supervision of nurses, presumably trained
for that purpose. Here we see plainly foreshadowed the Kindergarten,
whose foundation is "education by play"; as the study of the
Kindergarten system leads to the earnest, thoughtful consideration of
the office of play, and the exact value which the plaything or toy has
in the development of the child, when this is once understood, the
choice of what toys to give to children is easily made.

In the world of nature, we find the blossom comes before the fruit; in
history, art arose long before science was possible; in the human
race, the emotions are developed sooner than the reason. With the
individual child it is the same; the childish heart opens
spontaneously in play, the barriers are down, and the loving mother or
the wise teacher can find entrance into the inner court as in no other
way. The child's _sympathies_ can be attracted towards an object,
person, or line of conduct much earlier than his reason can grasp any
one of them. His emotional nature can and does receive impressions
long before his intellectual nature is ready for them; in other words,
he can _love_ before he can _understand_.

One of the mistakes of our age is, that we begin by educating our
children's _intellects_ rather than their _emotions_. We leave these
all-powerful factors, which give to life its coloring of light or
darkness, to the oftentimes insufficient training of the ordinary
family life--insufficient, owing to its thousand interruptions and
pre-occupations. The results are, that many children grow up cold,
hard, matter-of-fact, with little of poetry, sympathy, or ideality to
enrich their lives--mere Gradgrinds in God's world of beauty. We
starve the healthful emotions of children in order that we may
overfeed their intellects. Is not this doing them a great wrong? When
the sneering tone is heard, and the question "Will it pay?" is the
all-important one, do we not see the result of such training? Possibly
the unwise training of the emotional nature may give it undue
preponderance, producing morbid sentimentalists, who think that the
New Testament would be greatly improved if the account of Christ
driving the money-changers from the temple, or his denunciation of the
Pharisees, could be omitted. Such people feed every able-bodied tramp
brought by chance to their doors, and yet make no effort to lighten
the burden of the poor sewing-woman of our great cities, who is
working at almost starvation prices. This is a minor danger, however.
The education of the heart must advance along with that of the head,
if well-balanced character is to be developed.

Pedagogy tells us that "_the science of education is the science of
interesting_"; and yet, but few pedagogues have realized the
importance of _educating the interest of the child_. In other words,
little or no value has been attached to the likes and dislikes of
children; but in reality they are very important.

A child can be given any quantity of information, he can be made to
get his lessons, he can even be crowded through a series of
examinations, but that is not _educating_ him. Unless his interest in
the subject has been awakened, the process has been a failure. _Once
get him thoroughly interested and he can educate himself, along that
line, at least._

Hence the value of toys; they are not only promoters of play, but they
appeal to the sympathies and give exercise to the emotions; in this
way a hold is gotten upon the child, by interesting him before more
intellectual training can make much impression. The two next great
obstacles to the exercise of the right emotions are _fear_ and _pity_;
these do not come into the toy-world, hence we can see how toys,
according to their own tendencies, help in the healthful education of
the child's emotions, through his emotions the education of his
thoughts, through his thoughts the education of his will, and hence
his character. One can readily see how this is so. By means of their
dolls, wagons, drums, or other toys, children's thoughts are turned in
certain directions. They play that they are mothers and fathers, or
shop-keepers, or soldiers, as the case may be. Through their dramatic
play, they become interested more and more in those phases of life
which they have imitated, and that which they watch and imitate they
become like.

The toy-shops of any great city are to him who can read the signs of
the times, prophecies of the future of that city. They not only
predict the future career of a people, but they tell us of national
tendencies. Seguin, in his report on the educational exhibit at Vienna
a few years ago, said: "The nations which had the most toys had, too,
more individuality, ideality, and heroism." And again: "The nations
which have been made famous by their artists, artisans, and idealists
supplied their infants with toys." It needs but a moment's thought to
recognize the truth of this statement. Children who have toys exercise
their _own_ imagination, put into action their _own ideals_. Ah me,
how much that means! What ideals have been strangled in the breasts of
most of us because others did not think as we did! With the toy, an
outline only is drawn; the child must fill in the details. On the
other hand, in story-books the details are given. Both kinds of
training are needed: individual development, and participation in the
development of others--of the world, of the past, of the _All_. With
this thought of the influence of toys upon the life of nations, a
visit to any large toy-shop becomes an interesting and curious study.
The following is the testimony, unconsciously given, by the shelves
and counters in one of the large importing establishments which gather
together and send out the playthings of the world. The _French_ toys
include nearly all the pewter soldiers, all guns and swords; surely,
such would be the toys of the nation which produced a Napoleon. All
Punch and Judy shows are of French manufacture; almost all miniature
theaters; all doll tea-sets which have wine-glasses and finger-bowls
attached. The French _dolls_ mirror the fashionable world, with all
its finery and unneeded luxury, and hand it down to the little child.
No wonder Frances Willard made a protest against dolls, if she had in
mind the _French_ doll.

"You see," said the guileless saleswoman, as she handed me first one
and then another of these dolls, thinking doubtless that she had a
slow purchaser whom she had to assist in making a selection, "you can
dress one of these dolls as a lady, or as a little girl, just as you
like." And sure enough, the very baby dolls had upon their faces the
smile of the society flirt, or the deep, passionate look of the woman
who had seen the world. I beheld the French Salons of the eighteenth
century still lingering in the nineteenth-century dolls. All their
toys are dainty, artistic, exquisitely put together, but lack strength
and power of endurance, are low or shallow in aim, and are oftentimes
inappropriate in the extreme. For instance, I was shown a Noah's Ark
with a rose-window of stained glass in one end of it. Do we not see
the same thing in French literature? Racine's Orestes, bowing and
complimenting his Iphigenia, is the same French adornment of the
strong, simple, Greek story that the pretty window was of the Hebrew
Ark.

The _German_ toys take another tone. They are heavier, stronger, and
not so artistic, and largely represent the home and the more primitive
forms of trade-life. From Germany we get all our ready-made
doll-houses, with their clean tile floors and clumsy porcelain stoves,
their parlors with round iron center-tables, and stiff, ugly chairs
with the inevitable lace tidies. Here and there in these miniature
houses we see a tiny pot of artificial flowers. All such playthings
tend to draw the child's thoughts to the home life. Next come the
countless number of toy butcher shops, bakers, blacksmiths, and other
representations of the small, thrifty, healthful trade-life which one
sees all over Germany. Nor is the child's love attracted toward the
home and the shops alone. Almost all of the better class of toy horses
and carts are of German manufacture. The "woolly sheep," so dear to
childish heart, is of the same origin. Thus a love for simple,
wholesome out-of-door activities is instilled.

And then the German dolls! One would know from the dolls alone that
Germany was the land of Froebel and the birthplace of the
Kindergarten, that it was the country where even the beer-gardens are
softened and refined by the family presence. All the regulation
ornaments for Christmas trees come from this nation, bringing with
them memories of Luther; of his breaking away from the celibacy
enjoined by the church; of his entering into the joyous family life,
and trying to bring with him into the home life all that was sacred in
the church--Christmas festivals along with the rest. Very few firearms
come from this nation, but among them I saw some strong cast-iron
cannons from Berlin; they looked as if Bismarck himself might have
ordered their manufacture.

The _Swiss_ toys are largely the bluntly carved wooden cattle, sheep
and goats, with equally blunt shepherds and shepherdesses, reminding
one forcibly of the dull faces of those much-enduring beasts of burden
called Swiss peasants. I once saw a Swiss girl who had sold to an
American woman, for a few francs, three handkerchiefs, the
embroidering of which had occupied the evenings of her entire winter;
there was no look of discontent or disgust as the American tossed them
into her trunk with a lot of other trinkets, utterly oblivious of the
amount of human life which had been patiently worked into them. What
kind of toys could come from a people among whom such scenes are
accepted as a matter of course?

The _English_ rag doll is particularly national in its placidity of
countenance. The British people stand pre-eminent in the matter of
story-books for children, but, so far as I have been able to observe,
are somewhat lacking in originality as to toys; possibly this is due
to the out-of-door life encouraged among them.

When I asked to see the _American_ toys, my guide turned, and with a
sweep of her hand, said: "These _trunks_ are American. All doll-trunks
are manufactured in this country." Surely our Emerson was right when
he said that "the tape-worm of travel was in every American." Here we
see the beginning of the restless, migratory spirit of our people;
even these children's toys suggest, "How nice it would be to pack up
and go somewhere!" All tool-chests are of domestic origin. Seemingly,
all the inventions of the Yankee mind are reproduced in miniature form
to stimulate the young genius of our country.

The _Japanese_ and _Chinese_ toys are a curious study, telling of
national traits as clearly as do their laws or their religion. They
are endurable, made to last unchanged a long time; no flimsy tinsel is
used which can be admired for the hour, then cast aside. If "the hand
of Confucius reaches down through twenty-four centuries of time still
governing his people," so, too, can the carved ivory or inlaid wooden
toy be used without injury or change by at least one or two successive
generations of children.

Let us turn to the study of the development of the race as a whole,
that we may the better grasp this thought. The toy not only directs
the emotional activity of the child, but also forms a bridge between
the great realities of life and his small capacities. To man was given
the dominion over the earth, but it was a potential dominion. He had
to conquer the beasts of the field; to develop the resources of the
earth; by his _own effort_ to subordinate all things else unto
himself. We see the faint foreshadowing, or presentiment, of this in
the myths and legends of the race. The famous wooden horse of Troy,
accounts of which have come down to us in a dozen different channels
of literature and history, seems to have been the forerunner of the
nineteenth-century bomb, which defies walls and leaps into the enemy's
camp, scattering death and destruction in every direction. At least,
the two have the same effect; they speedily put an end to physical
resistance, and bring about consultation and settlement by
arbitration. The labors of Hercules tell the same story in another
form--man's power to make nature perform the labors appointed to him;
the winged sandals of Hermes, Perseus' cloak of invisibility, the
armor of Achilles, and a hundred other charming myths, all tell us of
man's sense of his sovereignty over nature. The old Oriental stories
of the enchanted carpet tell us that the sultan and his court had but
to step upon it, ere it rose majestically and sailed unimpeded through
the air, and landed its precious freight at the desired destination.
Is not this the dim feeling in the breasts of the childish race that
_man_ ought to have power to transcend space, and by his intelligence
contrive to convey himself from place to place? Are not our luxurious
palace cars almost fulfilling these early dreams? What are the fairy
tales of the Teutonic people, which Grimm has so laboriously collected
for us? They have lived through centuries of time, because they have
told of genii and giant, governed by the will of puny man and made to
do his bidding. Eagerly the race has read them, pleased to see
symbolically pictured forth man's power over elements stronger than
himself. In fact, the study of the race development is much like the
study of those huge, almost obliterated outlines upon the walls of
Egyptian temples--dim, vague, fragmentary, yet giving us glimpses of
insight and flashes of light, which aid much in the understanding of
the meaning of to-day. We find the instincts of the race renewed in
each new-born infant. Each individual child desires to master his
surroundings. He cannot yet drive a real horse and wagon, but his very
soul delights in the three-inch horse and the gayly painted wagon
attached; he cannot tame real tigers and lions, but his eyes dance
with pleasure as he places and replaces the animals of his toy
menagerie; he cannot at present run engines or direct railways, but he
can control for a whole half-hour the movement of his miniature train;
he is not yet ready for real fatherhood, but he can pet and play with,
and rock to sleep, and tenderly guard the doll baby.

Dr. Seguin also calls attention to the fact that a handsomely dressed
lady will be passed by unnoticed by a child, whereas her counterpart
in a foot-long doll will call forth his most rapt attention; the one
is too much for the small brain, the other is just enough.

The boy who has a toy gun marches and drills and camps and fights many
a battle before the real battle comes. The little girl who has a toy
stove plays at building a fire and putting on a kettle long before
these real responsibilities come to her.

A young mother, whose daughter had been for some time in a
Kindergarten, came to me and said, "I have been surprised to see how
my little Katherine handles the baby, and how sweetly and gently she
talks to him." I said to the daughter, "Katherine, where did you learn
how to talk to baby, and to take care of one so nicely?" "Why, that's
the way we talk to the dolly at Kindergarten!" she replied. Her powers
of baby-loving had been developed definitely by the toy baby, so that
when the real baby came, she was ready to transfer her tenderness to
the larger sphere. Thus, as I said before, toys form a bridge between
the great realities and possibilities of life, and the small
capacities of the child. If wisely selected, they lead him on from
conquering yet to conquer. Thus he enters ever widening and increasing
fields of activity, until he stands as God intended he should stand,
the master of all the elements and forces about him, until he can bid
the solid earth, "Bring forth thy treasures"; until he can say unto
the great ocean, "Thus far shalt thou go and no farther"; until he can
call unto the quick lightning, "Speak thou my words across a
continent"; until he can command the fierce fire, "Do thou my
bidding"; and earth, and air, and fire, and water, become the servants
of the divine intelligence which is within him.




III.

HOW TO CELEBRATE CHRISTMAS.

SUGGESTIONS FOR MOTHERS AND KINDERGARTNERS.


All festival occasions, when rightly used, have a unifying effect upon
the family, neighborhood, Sunday-school, church, state, or nation, in
that they direct all minds, for the time being, away from self, and in
one direction, toward one central thought. The family festivals are an
enormous power in the hands of the mother who knows how to use them
aright. By means of the birthday anniversaries, Fourth of July,
Thanksgiving, and above all, Christmas, she can direct her children's
activities into channels of unselfish endeavor.

Of all festivals of the year the Christmas festival is perhaps the
least understood, that is, if one is to judge by the manner in which
the day is generally observed. _Why do we celebrate Christmas? What
are we celebrating?_ Is it not the greatest manifestation of love,
unselfish love, that has ever been revealed to man? And how, as a
rule, are children taught to observe it? Usually by expecting an undue
amount of attention, an unlimited amount of injudicious feeding, and a
selfish exaction of unneeded presents; thus egotism, greed, and
selfishness are fostered, where love, generosity, and self-denial
should be exercised.

The Christmas season is the season in which _the joy of giving_ should
be so much greater than that of receiving, that the child, through his
own experiences, is prepared somewhat to comprehend that great truth,
"God so loved the world that he gave his only begotten Son."

For weeks beforehand the mother can lay her plans by means of which
each child in the family may be led to make something, or may do
without something, or may earn money for the purchase of something,
which is to add to his Christmas joy by enabling him to give to those
he loves, and also to some less fortunate child who, but for his
thoughtfulness, would be without any Christmas "cheer." In this
endeavor, of course, the mother must join with heart and soul, else
the giving is liable to become a mere formal fulfillment of a taxing
obligation.

Little children, when rightly dealt with, enjoy putting _themselves_
into the preparations with which they are to surprise and please
others fully as much, if not more, than they enjoy receiving presents.
So near as yet are they to the hand of God that unselfish love is an
easy thing to inculcate. Let me contrast two preparations for
Christmas which have passed under my own eye. In the first case I
chanced to be in one of those crowded toy-shops where hurried, tired
women are trying to fill out their lists of supposed obligations for
the Christmas season. All was confusion and haste, impatience, and
more or less ill-humor. My attention was directed towards a handsomely
dressed mother, leading by the hand an over-dressed little girl of
about eight years of age. The tones of the woman's voice struck like a
discord through my soul. "Come on!" said she petulantly to the child
who had stopped for a moment to admire some new toy. "Come on, we have
to give her something and we may as well buy her a couple of dolls.
They'll be broken to pieces in three weeks' time, but that's no matter
to us. Come on, I've no time to wait." This last was accompanied by an
impatient jerk of the loitering child's arm. Thus what _should have
been the joy of Christmas-giving was made to that child a
disagreeable, unwilling and useless expenditure of money_. What part
of the real Christmas spirit, the God spirit "which so loved the
world," could possibly come to a child from such a preparation for
Christmas as this? Nor is it an unusual occurrence. Go into any of our
large stores and shops just before Christmas and you will see scores
of women checking off their lists in a way which shows the relief of
having "one more present settled." All the great, true, and beautiful
spirit of Christmas joy is gone and a mere commercial transaction,
oftentimes a vulgar display of wealth, has taken its place.

On the other hand, go with me into one of our quiet Kindergartens,
where the sunshine without is rivaled by the sunshine within. See the
white-aproned teacher seat herself and gather around her the group of
eager children. Listen to the tones of her voice when she says, "Oh,
children, children! You don't know what a happy time I am going to let
you have this Christmas! Just guess, each one of you, what we are
going to do to make this the gladdest, brightest, happiest Christmas
that ever was!" Look into the eager little faces anticipating a new
joy, knowing from past experience that the joy means effort, endeavor,
self-control, and self-denial; nevertheless, that it means happiness
too. Listen to the eager questions and plans of the children. Some of
them, alas, are showing their past training in selfishness, by their
"You're going to give each of us a present," or "You're going to have
a party!" Then hear her gleeful answer, "No, guess again, it is better
than that!--better even than that!" Then, after a pause, during which
expectation stands on tiptoe, "I am going to let each one of you be a
little Santa Claus. We are going to make not only mamma and papa
happy, but also some dear little child who might not have a happy
Christmas unless we gave one to him!" Listen, as I have listened, to
the clapping of hands after such an announcement. Look at the light
which comes into the eyes. Notice the eager look of interest upon each
childish face as all seat themselves at the work-table and the plan of
work is more definitely laid out. Go, as I have gone, morning after
morning, and see these same children working patiently, earnestly, and
continuously upon the little gifts which are to make Christmas happier
for some one else. Will you then need to ask the question as to which
is the truer way of celebrating the holy Christmas time? Not that I
would have any mother deprived of the pleasure of giving to her
children, any more than I would have her children robbed of their
pleasure of giving to others. Let us be careful that our gifts are not
gifts of useless profusion, of such articles as cultivate
self-indulgence, vanity, or indolence. Gifts for children should be
few and simple, such as are suggestive and will aid them in the future
drawing out of their own inner thoughts or ideals. Above all let the
joy of having given of his best to some one else be the chief thought
of the glad Christmas time.




IV.

SANTA CLAUS.


All little children are poets if not marred by the prosaic parent or
teacher who unintentionally dulls the imaginative faculties by
insisting upon their minds dwelling exclusively on _facts_ which can
be verified by the five senses.

Much innocent pleasure as well as much development of intellectual
power is lost by this misapprehension of a child's needs. _All great
truth must come to the immature mind in an embodied form_ or by means
of a symbol. In fact, we of more mature culture still cling to the
sacred symbols of the church by means of which communion with the
Divine and the regenerating power of the spirit of God are expressed.
The spire of a church, the flag of our nation, the medal with which we
decorate the breast of a hero, are but a few of the symbols with which
we are all familiar. Indeed, if symbols were banished from our daily
lives much of pleasure and beauty would be lost.

Again, when we insist upon mere facts being presented to our children
we rob them of the great heirloom which has come down to them from the
past in the form of those inexhaustible mythical stories by means of
which the race has learned its most beautiful lessons of the true
nobility and grandeur of life; stories so rich and full and
significant that two or three thousand years have not dimmed their
luster, nor lessened their power to hold and impress the childish
mind.

As the Christmas season approaches many honest, earnest parents are
perplexed as to what to do with the time-honored legend of Santa
Claus. They do not realize that he is but the poetic embodiment of the
Christian thought of great love manifesting itself through giving. The
joyous loving nature of the innocent Santa Claus brings closer to the
childish heart the realization of the willingness with which the
Divine Father gave to his children--mankind. The traditional fireplace
through which the beloved Santa Claus gains entrance into the house is
but a symbol of that center of light and warmth and cheer which love
lights in every true home. The mystery of the coming and going of this
great-hearted lover of good little children is but the embodied way of
expressing that mystery of love which makes labor light and sacrifice
a pleasure. The whole legend of Santa Claus, when rightly understood,
is but the necessarily crude--and therefore more easily
grasped--foreshadowing of the sacred thought of God's infinite love
which lies at the very center of the Christmas thought. No one can
deplore more than we Kindergartners do the coarse and oftentimes
grotesque representations of Santa Claus which are to be seen in many
advertisements and shop windows at this season of the year.

Almost all children gradually outgrow the idea of Santa Claus as they
do other childish conceptions after they have served their purpose of
training the emotional nature in the right direction. The transition
is the more easily made if the child is gradually led to make and to
give Christmas gifts to those he loves. Thus, as I have tried to show
in a previous article, the mere material thought of Christmas as a
time for a jolly lot of fun is gradually changed into the higher
thought of a joyful festival, _through the child's own deeds_.

No mother need expect her child to understand the Christian Christmas
by one celebration. His own experiences of the joy which arises from
unselfish giving must be repeated many times before he can enter into
the thought that God, in whose image he has been made, must have shown
his love to mankind by some such manifestation as that which the
celebration of Christmas commemorates.




V.

CHRISTMAS TIME.[2]


A memory which will always remain with me comes up as I approach the
end of these chronicles. And although it did not arise from any one
picture or song of the "Mother-Play-Book," it was caused by the
Kindergarten study which had become part of our inmost life.

          [2] Reprinted, by request, from "Two Children of the
          Foothills."

The long, dry season was over. Half a dozen rains had refreshed the
land and caused it to blossom like a garden. It was hard to realize,
midst the roses and lilies, tender green foliage and fragrant
orange-blossoms, rippling streams and songs of mocking-birds, that
Christmas was approaching; our northern minds had always associated
the season with sleigh-bells and ice and snow, and yet it was amidst
just such semitropical surroundings as these, that in the faraway
Palestine was born the Babe, the celebration of whose returning
birthday each year fills all Christendom with the spirit of
self-sacrifice, love, and joy, and binds, as does no other festal day,
a multitude of the human race into one common brotherhood.

Margaret and I decided that whatever else we did or did not do, during
the remainder of our sojourn among the hills, the children should have
a _real Christmas_. In order that we might make it an inner Christmas
as well as an outer one, we began at the approach of Advent to show
them how to make Christmas presents. It took no small amount of
patience to pin down to definite work, which must be neatly and
daintily done, the two little mortals who had lived almost as free
from tasks as the lilies of the field. However, we both realized that
the children must make a real effort to give genuinely to others
something which they themselves had made, if they were to have the
real joy which ought to come with the receiving of presents.

Far too often children accept Christmas presents as so many added,
material possessions, not as expressions of love and service from
others. We had both long ago learned that only he who gives can truly,
spiritually receive, and that a gift without this comprehension of its
inner meaning is no gift at all, but merely something gained which
oftentimes awakens greed and selfishness.

Therefore, by dint of raising up visions of _how surprised_
grossmutter would be when Christmas morning came and she received two
presents made by four little hands she loved, by enacting in dramatic
detail the astonishment which their father would show when he too
should receive a present made by them, we succeeded in awakening in
them sufficient ambition to attempt what was to both of them a
disagreeable task. They had been willing enough to draw, cut, fold,
mold, or paste anything which would serve as an illustration of a
story in which they were interested, or which would revivify some
pleasant personal experience; but to sit down and deliberately draw,
or paint, or sew an object for somebody else, with the thought of
making it pleasant to that person rather than to themselves, was a new
idea.

First one and then the other of us would occasionally sew a flower
upon a picture-frame when the little untrained fingers grew too tired;
or we would adroitly exchange work, letting them bring in a pail of
water from the spring while we put a strip or two in a gay
gold-and-scarlet mat which was to be worked over into a Christmas
present, thus bringing the end of the little task somewhat nearer.
Occasionally, of course, a story would be told of some loving little
child about whom even the fairies sang, because he or she worked hard
to make Christmas gifts for loved ones. Sometimes Margaret would
exclaim: "What do you suppose _the knights_ would say if they should
come riding up the road and see two dear children working away as hard
as they could on their Christmas presents?"

The first two presents, for grossmutter and father, their two nearest
relatives, were finished and daintily folded away in colored tissue
paper, when Margaret had a whispered conversation with them and
suggested that they should surprise me also with a Christmas present,
and I, on a like occasion, proposed to them that they should surprise
her with something at Christmas time. Then followed days of whispered
talk; of sudden hiding of work, or of gleeful shouting: "Go away! You
mustn't come here now!"

Often there would be delighted covering up of the hands and lap at my
approach, or at that of Margaret--scenes so common in the homes of
Kindergarten-trained children, but so delightfully new to these little
Arabs of the desert who had never, in all their short lives before,
felt the dignity of individual, personal possessions which they could
give away.

Our presents finished and mysteriously laid away, the next step was to
lead to the thought of making presents for our next neighbor and his
good wife, whose ranch was about half a mile away. This, of course,
soon led on to the idea of having a Christmas present ready for
_everybody_. There were only about five families in all on the
foothills, but they constituted _everybody_ to the children, whose
world, dear souls, was bounded by the horizon which had its center in
their own home; saving of course, that boundless world into which
Margaret and I had introduced them through pictures and stories, where
lived the mighty kings and queens, giants and genii, fairies and
princesses, prophets and priests, and above all, _the knights_. This
latter world of the imagination was such a grand world that it did not
need presents.

Soon the two happy little hearts were overflowing with the true
Christmas love; and the presents made by their own hands "for
_everybody_" were laid out upon my bed and examined and exclaimed
over. Each of these was again folded up in a bright piece of tissue
paper and tied with a bit of narrow, daintily colored ribbon and
labeled with the name of the person to whom it was to be given. All
these long, busy days were so full of Christmas talks and songs and
stories that they even yet bring back to me the feeling of having
lived them in the midst of a great musical festival.

We had frequent occasion to cross the ranches belonging to our
different neighbors, in our daily tramps over the foothills, and often
met the men at their work or stopped to chat for a moment with the
women in their doorways. At such times, Georgie would look up with a
laughing face and sparkling eyes and say: "We've got somefin' for you
for Christmas, but you mustn't know what it is."

And then, if the inquisitive neighbor would question, he would dance
about and clap his hands, and shake his little head, saying: "No, no,
no! Wait until Christmas comes, and then you shall see it; but we made
it all ourselves."

"'Cept what _they_ did to help us," the more conscientious Lena would
add, as she pointed to Margaret or me.

We had found, as is not uncommon in sparsely settled districts, where
there must necessarily be a struggle for a livelihood, that life among
our neighbors had somewhat narrowed itself down to the material
standpoint, and consequently, as always happens when this is the case,
various frictions had occurred among them, leaving them not always in
quite the neighborly attitude toward each other. But no one was able
to resist the children's joyful over-flowing Christmas love.

In a short time it was settled among us all that the Christmas
celebration should take place at Georgie's and Lena's home, and that
all the neighbors should be present on Christmas Eve to see the
lighting of the Christmas tree, which Margaret and I had decided was
to be as gorgeous as our limited resources could make it.

In a little while first one and then another neighbor volunteered to
help decorate the house; one offering to saw off and bring to us
branches from an unusually beautiful pepper-tree; another volunteered
his services in going to town for anything we might need; and a good
housewife recalled the days when she was young and asked if we would
like to have her make some ginger-bread boys and girls and animals to
hang on the tree, and so on. Before long the children's spirit of
enthusiasm and love for others had spread throughout our small
foothill world, and everywhere we went we were greeted with smiles,
significant nods, and occasional whispered conversations.

A few days before Christmas came, one of our foothill neighbors
stopped us on the road to suggest that he should go down, on Christmas
Eve, to the mesa below and bring up two little English children whose
home had been saddened by the death of their father a few weeks
before, and whose mother, being a stranger in California, had no
friends to whom to go. Thus was the Christmas spirit overflowing the
foothills and spreading on to the farther districts. Then some one
else thought of a man and his wife and young baby who lived about six
miles up the cañon, and they, too, were invited. All small grudges
were forgotten and seemingly swallowed up in the coming festivities.

The contagion of love is as great as the contagion of disease or
crime. Each time we finished a bit of trimming for the tree, which was
yet to be selected, it had now to be taken down to be shown to Mrs.
Middlin. As we passed the old wood-chopper he would make some light,
laughing remark, and we occasionally stopped at his side to sing to
him a new Christmas song which the children had just learned. He would
at such times lay down his axe, and his wrinkled old face would become
bright with the light of his far-away youth, as he looked down into
the children's happy, eager eyes; and he usually sent us on our way
with some such remark as, "Well, them children air great ones," or
else it would be, "Children will be children. I used to be that way
myself." The half-invalid woman, whom pain had made fretful and
nervous, and who had been in the habit of declaring that all children
were a nuisance and ought to be kept in their homes, could not resist
Georgie's roguish shout, "I got somefin' for you Christmas! You must
be sure to come up to see the Christmas tree." On the eventful day she
actually did come with all the rest and brought with her some
home-made candy, such as she used to make when she was a girl some
forty odd years before.

This drawing together round the Christmas thought, each and every one
making an effort to add something to the joy of the occasion, proved
what every true lover of humanity believes, that deep down in each
human heart is love and a desire to be loved, is joy in seeing others
happy, and the greater joy of serving others.

In return for this unexpected volunteer addition to our plans for the
children, Margaret and I contrived some trifle or joke for each man
member of the community. To one it was a bundle of toothpicks done up
in fancy tissue paper. To another it was a Mexican tamale. To a young
fellow who worked on one of the ranches it was a candy sweetheart. For
each of the women we made some trifle in the way of needle-book,
iron-holder, or the like, as we wanted the children to have the
pleasure of seeing their elders go up to the tree and receive gifts as
well as themselves.

Three days before the Christmas Eve party the two children and their
father, Margaret and I, went up the cañon to let the children select a
small fir-tree for the Christmas tree. As we came triumphantly driving
through a neighbor's ranch on our way home with the little tree in the
back of the wagon, the children shouted out with great glee: "Come
out! Come out! and see the tree! See the tree! Here it is! Here it is!
The really, really Christmas tree!" And out came both gray-haired old
neighbors, almost as much pleased as the children.

The tree was fastened between two boards, and then with great ceremony
we marched in a procession into the little best room which their
grandmother usually kept shut and unused, and placed it upon the table
in the center of the room. Then began the exciting, and to the
children most charming, work of decorating it with strings of popcorn
and cranberries; and fancy chains made with the scarlet and blue, gilt
and silver paper which loving hearts in the far-away Chicago had sent,
helped make gorgeous our little tree. Some fancy pink and pale blue
papers which had come from the drug store had been carefully saved for
the occasion. Onto these we pasted narrow strips of the gold and
silver paper, and "Chinese lanterns" were made, much to the delight of
the children. Each afternoon we decorated the tree with the work which
had been done in the morning, and then danced around it and sang songs
to it, and told it stories about other little Christmas trees which
had made other little children happy.

One day Georgie improvised a song, and like the poet of old, danced in
rhythm to the melody which he himself created to the tune of
"Heigh-ho, the way we go." The words were as follows:

                "Miss Margaret and I
                We wish we could fly,
    Heigh-ho, heigh-ho, under the Christmas tree.
                We sing now for joy,
                The girl and the boy,
    Heigh-ho, heigh-ho, under the Christmas tree."

He had undoubtedly caught the rhythm, and perhaps the refrain, from
some verses which Margaret had written about our mountain home, and
whose refrain was "Heigh-ho, heigh-ho, under the greenwood-tree." But
I was much pleased to see his original application of the idea, and
his feeling of the fitness of the festival occasion for improvised
verse. It seemed to bubble out of the fullness of his joy just as many
a refrain and love song of old was born on festival occasions; so
close is the child akin to the child race.

Some time before this Margaret had brought from her mysterious trunk a
small and very beautiful copy of the Mother and Child which forms the
center of Correggio's great picture, "The Holy Night," and Lena had
sewed a round picture frame, designed by Margaret, with a gold star on
the upper corner and a modest little violet on the lower, symbolic, it
seemed to me, of the exaltation and humility which that picture so
marvelously portrays. It was to be a joint gift from Margaret and Lena
to the dear old grossmutter. The children had both sat and studied the
two beautiful faces, so luminous with light; and Margaret had
explained to them that the light came from the dear baby's face and
shone into that of the mother because this dear little Christ Child
had just come from God and the mother knew it.

"That is what makes her so happy," said Georgie, and Margaret
answered, "Yes, that is what makes every good mother happy when she
looks into her baby's face," and Georgie had accepted this somewhat
broad interpretation of the picture with one of his significant nods.
So far as we could ascertain, the children had as yet no training
whatever in biblical lore, and our plan had been that we would speak
only in general terms of the Bible story of Christmas until after they
had experienced the love and joy of service and giving. Then we would
tell them why not only their little world, but the whole great big
world of Christendom celebrated the day with such joy. But suddenly
one evening, as we were returning from our hilltop scramble, Lena
said, "Grossmutter knows all about the dear little Christ Child, and
she says the angels knew that He was coming."

"Let's sit down here by this rock," said Georgie, "and then you can
tell us all about it." He had implicit faith that Margaret could tell
him all about anything he wished to know, so he never hesitated to make
the demand.

We sat down on the ground, with sky above us radiant and glowing in
sunset's splendor, and Margaret told, as I had never heard it told
before, of the watching of the shepherds and of the coming of the
angels, and when she came to the part, "and as the shepherds raised
their bodies up from the ground and listened and listened, the far-away
music came nearer and nearer, and then they saw that the music was the
singing of countless numbers of beautiful angels, and that the bright
light which had slowly spread over the whole heavens came from the
beauty of their faces; the whole sky seemed full of them, and they were
all singing joyfully the first Christmas song that was ever heard on
earth," Georgie rose from his half-reclining position and coming close
to Margaret placed his hands upon her shoulder and said, eagerly: "Sing
it! Sing it! Sing it just as the angels sang it!"

She afterwards told me that she would have given five years of her life
to have had Patti's voice for just that one hour. She quietly replied:
"I cannot sing it, Georgie, as the angels sang it. No one on earth can
sing it as the angels sang it on the first glad Christmas night, but we
can know what they meant to tell the shepherds."

He turned his face away from her with a look of disappointment, and his
eyes wandered far over the hills to the glowing sky, then quickly
turning toward us, he said, "Maybe the Christmas angels will come now.
Let us listen and see if we can hear them."

Then we listened silently until the light began to fade out of the
evening sky, and Margaret said: "I can tell you what the words were
which the angels sang, and perhaps we can feel their song down in our
hearts."

And then slowly and reverently she repeated the old, yet ever new,
message to mankind: "Glory to God in the highest. Peace on earth, good
will to men!" And gently added, by way of explanation, that good will
to men meant that we were all brothers and sisters in God's sight, and
that this was one of the great things which the dear Christ Child came
to teach us. "And this," she added, "is why we celebrate His birthday
by making gifts for 'everybody.'" Both children nodded assent in a
matter-of-course way. They, dear little hearts, did not yet know the
schisms and discords that sometimes separate brothers and sisters, and
to them it was a matter of course, that men should accept the angelic
message.

As we walked home, Georgie skipping and dancing along in front, sang,
"I love everybody! I love everybody! I am so happy! I am so happy! I
love everybody!"

"So do I, Georgie," said Margaret, earnestly; and I think for the time
being, at least, all of us felt the true Christmas spirit. That motto
from Froebel's "Mother-Play-Songs" came into my mind with a new meaning:

    "Would'st thou unite the child for aye with thee,
    Then let him with the Highest One thy union see
    By every noble thought thy heart is fired,
    The young child's soul will surely be inspired.
    And thou can'st no better gift bestow,
    Than union with the Eternal One to know."

We quickened our steps as we neared home, and all four of us sang
softly--

    "In another land and clime,
    Long ago and far away."

The morning of Christmas Eve brought to us our friend, Mrs. Brown, who
had a Kindergarten in a neighboring town. Her contribution to the
festive occasion was a box of fifty small wax candles, and we proceeded
at once to add the final touches for the evening entertainment. A
frieze had already been made around the walls of the room with branches
of the pepper-tree, whose feathery green leaves and coral-colored
branches of berries made a beautiful decoration. Large bunches of the
dark green eucalyptus had been sawed off and so arranged that they made
frames of the green around the two windows whose white curtains the
good grossmutter had washed and ironed the day before. In the center of
the room was the Christmas tree on which hung the treasures worked by
little hands. The red, green, and yellow candles were fastened in the
safer parts of the horizontal branches; others were placed around the
table on candlesticks made of ripe oranges; and a row of these golden
candlesticks was also placed upon the edge of a wooden shelf which had
held the grossmutter's German Bible. The ugly woolen cover of the shelf
was entirely concealed by soft green ferns. A pound or two of candy had
been purchased by the father, and this the dear old grandmother, with
trembling but eager hands, showed us how to tie up with strings of
worsted and fasten to the tree, "just as they used to do in the
faterland," she explained to the children. Her joy over the whole
affair was, if anything, greater than that of the little ones. She
insisted that Mrs. Brown, Margaret, and I should be her guests at the
noonday dinner; and her appreciation of our work was shown by the
killing of the fatted goose, and by boiling and baking and stewing, in
true German fashion, about three times the quantity of food which we
could possibly consume. During the getting ready of this dinner she
bustled in and out of the little parlor, sometimes throwing her arms
around the children and exclaiming, "Oh, Chorgie! Chorgie! Dis is just
like a Christmas in the old country! Just tink of it! Just tink of it!
Mine kinder are to have a German Christmas! A real German Christmas!"
Then, as if fearing that her emotions should be taken for weakness, she
buffeted them severely with her hand and pushed them to one side with
the words, "Keep out of de way! Don't talk so much! You are little
nuisances anyhow!" but with so much love in the tone that the rebuking
words were unheeded. Again, she would come into the room and stand with
her hands resting upon her hips and gaze silently, with unspeakable
satisfaction, at the busy scene before her.

In making our plans for the evening, Margaret turned and said in a tone
of quiet respect: "Frau Zorn, we will, of course, expect you to stand
with the children and us, and receive the guests. It is your party, you
know, as well as the children's. We are merely helping to get it
ready."

"Oh, mein dear! Mein dear!" exclaimed the old lady, evidently much
pleased with the unexpected prominence which was to be given to her.
Without further words she bustled out of the room, and in about a
half-hour called to Margaret and me to come up into the little attic
above. There we found her on her knees before an old horsehair trunk
out of which she had taken a black and gray striped silk gown of the
fashion of about twenty years before; also a soft white silk neck
handkerchief. In an embarrassed tone, looking half-ashamed, half-proud,
she said: "I had laid dem away for my burying clothes, but I can wear
dem to-night, if you tink it best."

"Certainly," exclaimed Margaret; "that dress is just the thing, and the
pretty white handkerchief will make you look young again. I am so glad
you have them. I will come in time to arrange your hair and I have a
wee bit of a lace handkerchief which I know how to fix into a cap, just
such as my own grandmother used to wear, and you will be the handsomest
part of the whole Christmas entertainment." Then she added in great
glee: "Don't let the children see the dress until after you put it on.
It will be such a lovely surprise for them."

The old woman's face showed how keen this simple pleasure was to her as
she softly patted the dress, straightening here and there a bit of its
old-fashioned trimming, and then laid it gently into the trunk until
the appointed hour should come.

The morning work was at last ended, including our most conscientious
endeavors to do justice to the elaborate dinner. We locked the door of
the little parlor fearing that the temptation to meddle with the wax
candles might be too great to be resisted. Handing the key to Frau Zorn
and giving our "Christmas kiss" to each of the children, somewhat tired
we went back to our little cabin to rest until the evening. We had
promised to come early so as to be there before the first guests should
arrive, and just before starting out on our return Margaret quietly
gathered a basketful of beautiful La France roses which were blossoming
in bewildering profusion near our doorstep.

"What are you going to do with those?" I asked. "Make every man and
woman who comes to-night feel that he or she is in true festival
attire," she answered, smiling. And sure enough as each guest came in,
Lena, by Margaret's instructions, asked the privilege of pinning a
Christmas rose upon the man's coat and the woman's dress. The smile
with which the unaccustomed decoration was accepted showed the wisdom
of Margaret's plan. An added festivity came over the scene, and each
individual felt himself or herself duly decorated for the occasion.

When the man from the cañon beyond arrived with his wife and the little
three-months-old baby, Georgie's face was a study worthy of Raphael's
brush; confusion, surprise, pleasure, joy were all commingled, as
looking up to Margaret, he exclaimed, "Why, Miss Marg't! We are going
to have a _real, truly baby_ at our Christmas time!" Then, lowering his
voice, "Perhaps it will be like the Christ baby and we can see the
light shining from it just as the shepherds saw it."

The guests had been invited into the little dining-room which was the
usual sitting-room of the family, and the parlor was kept closed. At a
signal from Margaret, the father of the two children walked forward,
and throwing the door open, invited the guests to walk in. It was
lighted entirely by the wax candles, which gave that peculiar mellow
light suggestive of silent and reverent feeling that the Roman Catholic
Church has been wise enough to seize upon and make use of.

The hilarious laughter and somewhat awkward jokes which had been going
on ceased for the time being. When all were seated on the benches and
the improvised seats which had been brought in, Margaret and the
children sang two or three Christmas songs. Then, as a surprise to the
rest of us, they clustered around the dear old grossmutter and the
four, bowing, joined in a German hymn of praise and thanksgiving. This
was intended as a surprise to the father and to me, and was indeed a
surprise to all of us, as none of the neighbors had ever heard the dear
old woman sing.

Then came the distribution of presents, and the laughter and jokes and
fun such as happy hearts improvise and enjoy. One neighbor had brought
an old-fashioned hat-box labeled "For Lena and Georgie." When opened,
out sprang two frisky little kittens that, in a frightened fashion,
scampered away under the protecting skirts of some of the women, but
were soon captured and caressed with delight by the little owners. The
same thoughtful neighbor had brought two little chickens for the little
English children from the mesa below. They were less lively, but were
tenderly cared for by the children.

Finally, when all the presents had been distributed, including part of
the fruit and candy, two of the men laughingly disappeared from the
room, and on their return, brought between them a huge California
pumpkin, which measured five and one-half feet around its
circumference. This had previously been prepared into what they called
a "Christmas box," the top had been cut smoothly off, and into it had
been fastened the handle of a bucket. The lower part had been hollowed
out, washed, and dried; the pumpkin seemed almost large enough to have
served as a carriage for Cinderella. It was placed at Margaret's feet,
and the top lifted off amidst shouts of laughter and the clapping of
hands. Each guest present had stored away in it some loving little
gift, of no value whatever so far as the world considers value, but
rich indeed to one who prizes a gift according to the loving thought
which it shows. One woman had pasted upon several sheets of writing
paper some rare ferns and mosses which she had brought from the
mountains of New Mexico years before, and had sewed them together in
the form of a book. Another had embroidered Margaret's initials upon a
Chinese silk scarf, which had been one of her treasures in the days of
greater prosperity. Another had rounded off and polished a pin-cushion
of Yoca wood, sawed from a stalk in the higher mountain districts. The
fourth had made her a shell-box, of shells gathered on some past trip
to the Cataline Islands. A fifth had heard her express a desire to make
a collection of the different kinds of wood which grew in the
neighborhood and had brought carefully sawed and neatly polished
specimens of a half-dozen varieties, and so on; each showing that her
taste had been remembered, some wish expressed at an odd moment had
been recalled, or some pleasant surprise anticipated.

Margaret's eyes filled with tears as one by one she unfolded these
gifts of love; then, realizing that such a time as the present needed
more joy than anything else, she laughingly brushed away the unshed
tears and proposed that they should all enter into some games together.
This was heartily agreed to by the others, and the evening ended in
almost a romp. Hands were shaken, good bys were said, the last joke
uttered, and wagon and gig and buggy drove away.

Margaret, Mrs. Brown, and I remained to help put the children to bed
and somewhat straighten up the little house. Then bidding the
happy-faced old woman "Good by," we started out, alone, for a quiet
walk across the hill, under the Christmas stars. As we prepared for bed
Margaret exclaimed, "What a happy, happy day we have had!" I looked
into her radiant face, and said, softly, to myself: "_Blessed be
motherhood, even if it must be the mothering of other women's
children_!"




VI.

A CHRISTMAS CAROL.


STAVE ONE.

MARLEY'S GHOST.

    [We hardly know of anything better to recommend than the following
    exquisite masterpiece of Dickens, for hearts that have grown dull
    to the real joy of Christmas tide.]

Marley was dead, to begin with. There is no doubt whatever about that.
The register of his burial was signed by the clergyman, the clerk, the
undertaker, and the chief mourner. Scrooge signed it. And Scrooge's
name was good upon 'Change for anything he chose to put his hand to.

Old Marley was as dead as a door-nail.

Mind! I don't mean to say that I know, of my own knowledge, what there
is particularly dead about a door-nail. I might have been inclined,
myself, to regard a coffin-nail as the deadest piece of ironmongery in
the trade. But the wisdom of our ancestors is in the simile; and my
unhallowed hands shall not disturb it, or the country's done for. You
will therefore permit me to repeat, emphatically, that Marley was as
dead as a door-nail.

Scrooge knew he was dead? Of course he did. How could it be otherwise?
Scrooge and he were partners for I don't know how many years. Scrooge
was his sole executor, his sole administrator, his sole assign, his
sole residuary legatee, his sole friend, and sole mourner. And even
Scrooge was not so dreadfully cut up by the sad event but that he was
an excellent man of business on the very day of the funeral, and
solemnized it with an undoubted bargain.

The mention of Marley's funeral brings me back to the point I started
from. There is no doubt that Marley was dead. This must be distinctly
understood, or nothing wonderful can come of the story I am going to
relate. If we were not perfectly convinced that Hamlet's father died
before the play began, there would be nothing more remarkable in his
taking a stroll at night, in an easterly wind, upon his own ramparts,
than there would be in any other middle-aged gentleman rashly turning
out after dark in a breezy spot--say Saint Paul's churchyard, for
instance--literally to astonish his son's weak mind.

Scrooge never painted out old Marley's name. There it stood, years
afterwards, above the warehouse door: Scrooge and Marley. The firm was
known as Scrooge and Marley. Sometimes people new to the business
called Scrooge, Scrooge, and sometimes Marley, but he answered to both
names. It was all the same to him.

Oh, but he was a tight-fisted hand at the grindstone, Scrooge! a
squeezing, wrenching, grasping, scraping, clutching, covetous, old
sinner! Hard and sharp as flint, from which no steel had ever struck
out generous fire; secret, and self-contained, and solitary as an
oyster. The cold within him froze his old features, nipped his pointed
nose, shriveled his cheek, stiffened his gait; made his eyes red, his
thin lips blue; and spoke out shrewdly in his grating voice. A frosty
rime was on his head, and on his eyebrows, and his wiry chin. He
carried his own low temperature always about with him; he iced his
office in the dog-days, and didn't thaw it one degree at Christmas.

External heat and cold had little influence on Scrooge. No warmth could
warm, no wintry weather chill him. No wind that blew was bitterer than
he, no falling snow was more intent upon its purpose, no pelting rain
less open to entreaty. Foul weather didn't know where to have him. The
heaviest rain, and snow, and hail, and sleet, could boast of the
advantage over him in only one respect--they often "came down"
handsomely, and Scrooge never did.

Nobody ever stopped him in the street to say, with gladsome looks, "My
dear Scrooge, how are you? When will you come to see me?" No beggars
implored him to bestow a trifle, no children asked him what it was
o'clock, no man or woman ever once in all his life inquired the way to
such and such a place, of Scrooge. Even the blind men's dogs appeared
to know him; and when they saw him coming on, would tug their owners
into doorways and up courts; and then would wag their tails as though
they said, "No eye at all is better than an evil eye, dark master!"

But what did Scrooge care! It was the very thing he liked. To edge his
way along the crowded paths of life, warning all human sympathy to keep
its distance, was what the knowing ones call "nuts" to Scrooge.

Once upon a time--of all the good days in the year, on Christmas
Eve--old Scrooge sat busy in his counting-house. It was cold, bleak,
biting weather, foggy withal, and he could hear the people in the court
outside go wheezing up and down, beating their hands upon their
breasts, and stamping their feet upon the pavement stones to warm them.
The city clocks had only just gone three, but it was quite dark
already--it had not been light all day--and candles were flaring in the
windows of the neighboring offices, like ruddy smears upon the palpable
brown air. The fog came pouring in at every chink and key-hole, and was
so dense without, that although the court was of the narrowest, the
houses opposite were mere phantoms. To see the dingy cloud come
drooping down, obscuring everything, one might have thought that nature
lived hard by, and was brewing on a large scale.

The door of Scrooge's counting-house was open that he might keep his
eye upon his clerk, who in a dismal little cell beyond, a sort of tank,
was copying letters. Scrooge had a very small fire, but the clerk's
fire was so very much smaller that it looked like one coal. But he
couldn't replenish it, for Scrooge kept the coal-box in his own room;
and so surely as the clerk came in with the shovel, the master
predicted that it would be necessary for them to part. Wherefore the
clerk put on his white comforter, and tried to warm himself at the
candle; in which effort, not being a man of a strong imagination, he
failed.

"A merry Christmas, uncle! God save you!" cried a cheerful voice. It
was the voice of Scrooge's nephew, who came upon him so quickly that
this was the first intimation he had of his approach.

"Bah!" said Scrooge, "Humbug!"

He had so heated himself with rapid walking in the fog and frost, this
nephew of Scrooge's, that he was all in a glow; his face was ruddy and
handsome; his eyes sparkled, and his breath smoked again.

"Christmas a humbug, uncle!" said Scrooge's nephew. "You don't mean
that, I am sure."

"I do," said Scrooge. "Merry Christmas! What right have you to be
merry? What reason have you to be merry? You're poor enough."

"Come, then," returned the nephew, gayly. "What right have you to be
dismal? What reason have you to be morose? You're rich enough."

Scrooge having no better answer ready on the spur of the moment, said
"Bah!" again; and followed it up with "Humbug!"

"Don't be cross, uncle!" said the nephew.

"What else can I be," returned the uncle, "when I live in such a world
of fools as this? Merry Christmas! Out upon merry Christmas! What's
Christmas time to you but a time for paying bills without money; a time
for finding yourself a year older, but not an hour richer; a time for
balancing your books and having every item in 'em through a round dozen
of months presented dead against you? If I could work my will," said
Scrooge, indignantly, "every idiot who goes about with 'Merry
Christmas' on his lips, should be boiled with his own pudding, and
buried with a stake of holly through his heart. He should!"

"Uncle!" pleaded the nephew.

"Nephew!" returned the uncle, sternly, "keep Christmas in your own way,
and let me keep it in mine."

"Keep it," repeated Scrooge's nephew, "but you don't keep it."

"Let me leave it alone, then," said Scrooge. "Much good may it do you!
Much good it has ever done you!"

"There are many things from which I might have derived good, by which I
have not profited, I dare say," returned the nephew, "Christmas among
the rest. But I am sure I have always thought of Christmas time, when
it has come round--apart from the veneration due to its sacred name and
origin, if anything belonging to it can be apart from that--as a good
time; a kind, forgiving, charitable, pleasant time; the only time I
know of, in the long calendar of the year, when men and women seem by
one consent to open their shut-up hearts freely, and to think of people
below them as if they really were fellow-passengers to the grave, and
not another race of creatures bound on other journeys. And therefore,
uncle, though it has never put a scrap of gold or silver in my pocket,
I believe that it _has_ done me good, and _will_ do me good; and I say,
God bless it!"

The clerk in the tank involuntarily applauded. Becoming immediately
sensible of the impropriety, he poked the fire, and extinguished the
last frail spark forever.

"Let me hear another sound from _you_," said Scrooge, "and you'll
keep your Christmas by losing your situation! You're quite a powerful
speaker, sir," he added, turning to his nephew. "I wonder you don't go
into Parliament."

"Don't be angry, uncle. Come dine with us to-morrow."

Scrooge said that he would see him--yes, indeed he did. He went the
whole length of the expression, and said that he would see him in that
extremity first.

"But why?" cried Scrooge's nephew. "Why?"

"Why did you get married?" said Scrooge.

"Because I fell in love."

"Because you fell in love!" growled Scrooge, as if that were the only
one thing in the world more ridiculous than a merry Christmas. "Good
afternoon!"

"Nay, uncle, but you never came to see me before that happened. Why
give it as a reason for not coming now?"

"Good afternoon," said Scrooge.

"I want nothing from you; I ask nothing of you; why cannot we be
friends?"

"Good afternoon," said Scrooge.

"I am sorry, with all my heart, to find you so resolute. We have never
had any quarrel, to which I have been a party. But I have made the
trial in homage to Christmas, and I'll keep my Christmas humor to the
last. So, a merry Christmas, uncle!"

"Good afternoon!" said Scrooge.

"And a happy New Year!"

His nephew left the room without an angry word, notwithstanding. He
stopped at the outer door to bestow the greetings of the season on the
clerk, who, cold as he was, was warmer than Scrooge; for he returned
them cordially.

"There's another fellow," muttered Scrooge, who overheard him: "my
clerk, with fifteen shillings a week, and a wife and family, talking
about a merry Christmas. I'll retire to Bedlam."

This lunatic, in letting Scrooge's nephew out, had let two other people
in. They were portly gentlemen, pleasant to behold, and now stood, with
their hats off, in Scrooge's office. They had books and papers in their
hands, and bowed to him.

"Scrooge and Marley's, I believe," said one of the gentlemen, referring
to his list. "Have I the pleasure of addressing Mr. Scrooge, or Mr.
Marley?"

"Mr. Marley has been dead these seven years," Scrooge replied. "He died
seven years ago, this very night."

"We have no doubt his liberality is well represented by his surviving
partner," said the gentleman, presenting his credentials.

It certainly was; for they had been two kindred spirits. At the ominous
word "liberality," Scrooge frowned, and shook his head, and handed the
credentials back.

"At this festive season of the year, Mr. Scrooge," said the gentleman,
taking up a pen, "it is more than usually desirable that we should make
some provision for the poor and destitute, who suffer greatly at the
present time. Many thousands are in want of common necessaries;
hundreds of thousands are in want of common comforts, sir."

"Are there no prisons?" asked Scrooge.

"Plenty of prisons," said the gentleman, laying down the pen again.

"And the Union workhouses?" demanded Scrooge. "Are they still in
operation?"

"They are. Still," returned the gentleman, "I wish I could say they
were not."

"The Treadmill and the Poor Law are in full vigor, then?" said Scrooge.

"Both very busy, sir."

"Oh! I was afraid, from what you said at first, that something had
occurred to stop them in their useful course," said Scrooge. "I'm very
glad to hear it."

"Under the impression that they scarcely furnish Christian cheer of
mind or body to the multitude," returned the gentleman, "a few of us
are endeavoring to raise a fund to buy the poor some meat and drink,
and means of warmth. We choose this time, because it is a time, of all
others, when want is keenly felt, and abundance rejoices. What shall I
put you down for?"

"Nothing!" Scrooge replied.

"You wish to be anonymous?"

"I wish to be left alone," said Scrooge. "Since you ask me what I wish,
gentlemen, that is my answer. I don't make merry myself at Christmas,
and I can't afford to make idle people merry. I help to support the
establishments I have mentioned--they cost enough; and those who are
badly off must go there."

"Many can't go there, and many would rather die."

"If they would rather die," said Scrooge, "they had better do it, and
decrease the surplus population. Besides--excuse me--I don't know
that."

"But you might know it," observed the gentleman.

"It's not my business," Scrooge returned. "It's enough for a man to
understand his own business, and not to interfere with other people's.
Mine occupies me constantly. Good afternoon, gentlemen!"

Seeing clearly that it would be useless to pursue their point, the
gentlemen withdrew. Scrooge resumed his labors with an improved opinion
of himself, and in a more facetious temper than was usual with him.

Meanwhile the fog and darkness thickened so that people ran about with
flaring links, proffering their services to go before horses in
carriages, and conduct them on their way. The ancient tower of a
church, whose gruff old bell was always peeping slily down at Scrooge
out of a gothic window in the wall, became invisible, and struck the
hours and quarters in the clouds, with tremulous vibrations afterwards
as if its teeth were chattering in its frozen head up there. The cold
became intense. In the main street, at the corner of the court, some
laborers were repairing the gas-pipes, and had lighted a great fire in
a brazier, round which a party of ragged men and boys were gathered,
warming their hands and winking their eyes before the blaze in rapture.
The water-plug being left in solitude, its overflowings sullenly
congealed, and turned to misanthropic ice. The brightness of the shops
where holly sprigs and berries crackled in the lamp heat of the windows
made pale faces ruddy as they passed. Poulterers' and grocers' trades
became a splendid joke: a glorious pageant, with which it was next to
impossible to believe that such dull principles as bargain and sale had
anything to do. The Lord Mayor, in the stronghold of the mighty Mansion
House, gave orders to his fifty cooks and butlers to keep Christmas as
a Lord Mayor's household should; and even the little tailor, whom he
had fined five shillings on the previous Monday for being drunk and
bloodthirsty in the streets, stirred up to-morrow's pudding in his
garret, while his lean wife and the baby sallied out to buy the beef.

Foggier yet, and colder! Piercing, searching, biting cold. If the good
Saint Dunstan had but nipped the evil spirit's nose with a touch of
such weather as that, instead of using his familiar weapons, then
indeed he would have roared to lusty purpose. The owner of one scant
young nose, gnawed and mumbled by the hungry cold as bones are gnawed
by dogs, stooped down at Scrooge's keyhole to regale him with a
Christmas carol; but at the first sound of

    "God bless you, merry gentleman!
    May nothing you dismay!"

Scrooge seized the ruler with such energy of action that the singer
fled in terror, leaving the keyhole to the fog and even more congenial
frost.

At length the hour of shutting up the counting-house arrived. With an
ill will Scrooge dismounted from his stool, and tacitly admitted the
fact to the expectant clerk in the tank, who instantly snuffed his
candle out, and put on his hat.

"You'll want all day to-morrow, I suppose?" said Scrooge.

"If quite convenient, sir."

"It's not convenient," said Scrooge, "and it's not fair. If I was to
stop half-a-crown for it, you'd think yourself ill used, I'll be
bound?"

The clerk smiled faintly.

"And yet," said Scrooge, "you don't think me ill used when I pay a
day's wages for no work."

The clerk observed that it was only once a year.

"A poor excuse for picking a man's pocket every twenty-fifth of
December!" said Scrooge, buttoning his greatcoat to the chin. "But I
suppose you must have the whole day. Be here all the earlier next
morning."

The clerk promised that he would; and Scrooge walked out with a growl.
The office was closed in a twinkling, and the clerk, with the long ends
of his white comforter dangling below his waist (for he boasted no
greatcoat), went down a slide on Cornhill, at the end of a lane of
boys, twenty times, in honor of its being Christmas Eve, and then ran
home to Camden Town as hard as he could pelt, to play at
blindman's-buff.

Scrooge took his melancholy dinner in his usual melancholy tavern; and
having read all the newspapers, and beguiled the rest of the evening
with his banker's-book, went home to bed. He lived in chambers which
had once belonged to his deceased partner. They were a gloomy suite of
rooms, in a lowering pile of building up a yard, where it had so little
business to be that one could scarcely help fancying it must have run
there when it was a young house, playing at hide-and-seek with other
houses, and forgotten the way out again. It was old enough now, and
dreary enough, for nobody lived in it but Scrooge, the other rooms
being all let out as offices. The yard was so dark that even Scrooge,
who knew its every stone, was fain to grope with his hands. The fog and
frost so hung about the black old gateway of the house that it seemed
as if the Genius of the Weather sat in mournful meditation on the
threshold.

Now, it is a fact that there was nothing at all particular about the
knocker on the door, except that it was very large. It is also a fact
that Scrooge had seen it, night and morning, during his whole residence
in that place; also that Scrooge had as little of what is called fancy
about him as any man in the city of London, even including--which is a
bold word--the corporation, aldermen, and livery. Let it also be borne
in mind that Scrooge had not bestowed one thought on Marley since his
last mention of his seven-years' dead partner that afternoon. And then
let any man explain to me, if he can, how it happened that Scrooge,
having his key in the lock of the door, saw in the knocker, without its
undergoing any intermediate process of change--not a knocker, but
Marley's face.

Marley's face. It was not in impenetrable shadow as the other objects
in the yard were, but had a dismal light about it, like a bad lobster
in a dark cellar. It was not angry or ferocious, but looked at Scrooge
as Marley used to look, with ghostly spectacles turned up on its
ghostly forehead. The hair was curiously stirred, as if by breath or
hot air; and though the eyes were wide open, they were perfectly
motionless. That, and its livid color, made it horrible; but its horror
seemed to be in spite of the face and beyond its control, rather than a
part of its own expression.

As Scrooge looked fixedly at this phenomenon, it was a knocker again.

To say that he was not startled, or that his blood was not conscious of
a terrible sensation to which it had been a stranger from infancy,
would be untrue. But he put his hand upon the key he had relinquished,
turned it sturdily, walked in, and lighted his candle.

He _did_ pause, with a moment's irresolution, before he shut the door;
and he _did_ look cautiously behind at first, as if he half-expected to
be terrified with the sight of Marley's pigtail sticking out into the
hall. But there was nothing on the back of the door, except the screws
and nuts that held the knocker on, so he said, "Pooh, pooh!" and closed
it with a bang.

The sound resounded through the house like thunder. Every room above,
and every cask in the wine-merchant's cellars below, appeared to have a
separate peal of echoes of its own. Scrooge was not a man to be
frightened by echoes. He fastened the door and walked across the hall,
and up the stairs, slowly too, trimming his candle as he went.

You may talk vaguely about driving a coach-and-six up a good old flight
of stairs, or through a bad young act of Parliament; but I mean to say
you might have got a hearse up that stair-case, and taken it broadwise,
with the splinter-bar towards the wall and the door towards the
balustrades, and done it easy. There was plenty of width for that, and
room to spare; which is perhaps the reason why Scrooge thought he saw a
locomotive hearse going on before him in the gloom. Half-a-dozen
gas-lamps out of the street wouldn't have lighted the entry too well,
so you may suppose that it was pretty dark with Scrooge's dip.

Up Scrooge went, not caring a button for that. Darkness is cheap, and
Scrooge liked it. But before he shut his heavy door, he walked through
his rooms to see that all was right. He had just enough recollection of
the face to desire to do that.

Sitting-room, bedroom, lumber-room. All as they should be. Nobody under
the table; nobody under the sofa; a small fire in the grate; spoon and
basin ready; and the little sauce-pan of gruel (Scrooge had a cold in
his head) upon the hob. Nobody under the bed; nobody in the closet;
nobody in his dressing-gown, which was hanging up in a suspicious
attitude against the wall. Lumber-room as usual. Old fire-guard, old
shoes, two fish-baskets, washing-stand on three legs, and a poker.

Quite satisfied, he closed his door, and locked himself in;
double-locked himself in, which was not his custom. Thus secured
against surprise, he took off his cravat; put on his dressing-gown and
slippers, and his night-cap, and sat down before the fire to take his
gruel.

It was a very low fire indeed; nothing on such a bitter night. He was
obliged to sit close to it, and brood over it before he could extract
the least sensation of warmth from such a handful of fuel. The
fireplace was an old one, built by some Dutch merchant long ago, and
paved all round with quaint Dutch tiles, designed to illustrate the
Scriptures. There were Cains and Abels, Pharaoh's daughters, Queens of
Sheba, Angelic messengers descending through the air on clouds like
feather-beds, Abrahams, Belshazzars, Apostles putting off to sea in
butter-boats, hundreds of figures to attract his thoughts; and yet that
face of Marley, seven years dead, came like the ancient Prophet's rod,
and swallowed up the whole. If each smooth tile had been a blank at
first, with power to shape some picture on its surface from the
disjointed fragments of his thoughts, there would have been a copy of
old Marley's head on every one.

"Humbug!" said Scrooge, and walked across the room.

After several turns, he sat down again. As he threw his head back in
the chair, his glance happened to rest upon a bell, a disused bell that
hung in the room, and communicated, for some purpose now forgotten,
with a chamber in the highest story of the building. It was with great
astonishment, and with a strange, inexplicable dread, that as he
looked, he saw this bell begin to swing. It swung so softly in the
outset that it scarcely made a sound, but soon it rang out loudly, and
so did every bell in the house.

This might have lasted half a minute, or a minute, but it seemed an
hour. The bells ceased as they had begun, together. They were succeeded
by a clanking noise, deep down below, as if some person were dragging a
heavy chain over the casks in the wine merchant's cellar. Scrooge then
remembered to have heard that ghosts in haunted houses were described
as dragging chains.

The cellar door flew open with a booming sound, and then he heard the
noise much louder on the floors below; then coming up the stairs; then
coming straight towards his door.

"It's humbug, still!" said Scrooge. "I won't believe it."

His color changed though, when, without a pause, it came on through the
heavy door, and passed into the room before his eyes. Upon its coming
in the dying flame leaped up, as though it cried, "I know him; Marley's
Ghost!" and fell again.

The same face; the very same. Marley in his pigtail, usual waistcoat,
tights, and boots; the tassels on the latter bristling, like his
pigtail, and his coat-skirts, and the hair upon his head. The chain he
drew was clasped about his middle. It was long, and wound about him
like a tail; and it was made (for Scrooge observed it closely) of
cash-boxes, keys, padlocks, ledgers, deeds, and heavy purses wrought in
steel. His body was transparent: so that Scrooge, observing him, and
looking through his waistcoat, could see the two buttons on his coat
behind.

Scrooge had often heard it said that Marley had no bowels, but he had
never believed it until now.

No, nor did he believe it even now. Though he looked the phantom
through and through, and saw it standing before him, though he felt the
chilling influence of his death-cold eyes, and marked the very texture
of the folded 'kerchief bound about its head and chin, which wrapper he
had not observed before, he was still incredulous, and fought against
his senses.

"How now!" said Scrooge, caustic and cold as ever. "What do you want
with me?"

"Much!"--Marley's voice, no doubt about it.

"Who are you?"

"Ask me who I _was_."

"Who _were_ you, then?" said Scrooge, raising his voice. "You're
particular, for a shade." He was going to say "_to_ a shade," but
substituted this, as more appropriate.

"In life I was your partner, Jacob Marley."

"Can you--can you sit down?" asked Scrooge, looking doubtfully at him.

"I can."

"Do it, then."

Scrooge asked the question because he didn't know whether a ghost so
transparent might find himself in a condition to take a chair; and felt
that in the event of its being impossible, it might involve the
necessity of an embarrassing explanation. But the Ghost sat down on the
opposite side of the fireplace, as if he were quite used to it.

"You don't believe in me," observed the Ghost.

"I don't," said Scrooge.

"What evidence would you have of my reality beyond that of your
senses?"

"I don't know," said Scrooge.

"Why do you doubt your senses?"

"Because," said Scrooge, "a little thing affects them. A slight
disorder of the stomach makes them cheats. You may be an undigested bit
of beef, a blot of mustard, a crumb of cheese, a fragment of an
underdone potato. There's more of gravy than of grave about you,
whatever you are."

Scrooge was not much in the habit of cracking jokes, nor did he feel,
in his heart, by any means waggish then. The truth is, that he tried to
be smart, as a means of distracting his own attention and keeping down
his terror; for the Specter's voice disturbed the very marrow in his
bones.

To sit staring at those fixed, glazed eyes in silence for a moment
would play, Scrooge felt, the very deuce with him. There was something
very awful, too, in the Specter's being provided with an infernal
atmosphere of its own. Scrooge could not feel it himself, but this was
clearly the case; for though the Ghost sat perfectly motionless, its
hair, and skirts, and tassels were still agitated as by the hot vapor
from an oven.

"You see this toothpick?" said Scrooge, returning quickly to the
charge, for the reason just assigned, and wishing, though it were only
for a second, to divert the vision's stony gaze from himself.

"I do," replied the Ghost.

"You are not looking at it," said Scrooge.

"But I see it," said the Ghost, "notwithstanding."

"Well," returned Scrooge, "I have but to swallow this, and be for the
rest of my days persecuted by a legion of goblins, all of my own
creation. Humbug, I tell you! Humbug!"

At this the spirit raised a frightful cry, and shook its chain with
such a dismal and appalling noise that Scrooge held on tight to his
chair to save himself from falling in a swoon. But how much greater was
his horror when the phantom taking off the bandage round its head, as
if it were too warm to wear indoors, its lower jaw dropped down upon
its breast!

Scrooge fell upon his knees, and clasped his hands before his face.

"Mercy!" he said. "Dreadful apparition, why do you trouble me?"

"Man of the worldly mind," replied the Ghost, "do you believe in me or
not?"

"I do," said Scrooge. "I must. But why do spirits walk the earth, and
why do they come to me?"

"It is required of every man," the Ghost returned, "that the spirit
within him should walk abroad among his fellowmen, and travel far and
wide; and if that spirit goes not forth in life, it is condemned to do
so after death. It is doomed to wander through the world--oh, woe is
me!--and witness what it cannot share, but might have shared on earth,
and turned to happiness!"

Again the Specter raised a cry and shook its chain and wrung its
shadowy hands.

"You are fettered," said Scrooge, trembling. "Tell me why?"

"I wear the chain I forged in life," replied the Ghost. "I made it link
by link, and yard by yard; I girded it on of my own free will, and of
my own free will I wore it. Is its pattern strange to _you_?"

Scrooge trembled more and more.

"Or would you know," pursued the Ghost, "the weight and length of the
strong coil you bear yourself? It was full as heavy and as long as this
seven Christmas Eves ago. You have labored on it since. It is a
ponderous chain!"

Scrooge glanced about him on the floor, in the expectation of finding
himself surrounded by some fifty or sixty fathoms of iron cable; but he
could see nothing.

"Jacob," he said, imploringly, "old Jacob Marley, tell me more. Speak
comfort to me, Jacob!"

"I have none to give," the Ghost replied. "It comes from other regions,
Ebenezer Scrooge, and is conveyed by other ministers, to other kinds of
men. Nor can I tell you what I would. A very little more is all
permitted to me. I cannot rest, I cannot stay, I cannot linger
anywhere. My spirit never walked beyond our counting-house--mark
me!--in life my spirit never roved beyond the narrow limits of our
money-changing hole, and weary journeys lie before me!"

It was a habit with Scrooge, whenever he became thoughtful, to put his
hands in his breeches pockets. Pondering on what the Ghost had said, he
did so now, but without lifting up his eyes or getting off his knees.

"You must have been very slow about it, Jacob," Scrooge observed, in a
business-like manner, though with humility and deference.

"Slow!" the Ghost repeated.

"Seven years dead," mused Scrooge, "and traveling all the time!"

"The whole time," said the Ghost. "No rest, no peace. Incessant torture
of remorse."

"You travel fast?" said Scrooge.

"On the wings of the wind," replied the Ghost.

"You might have got over a great quantity of ground in seven years,"
said Scrooge.

The Ghost, on hearing this, set up another cry, and clanked its chain
so hideously in the dead silence of the night that the Ward would have
been justified in indicting it for a nuisance.

"Oh, captive, bound and double-ironed!" cried the phantom, "not to know
that ages of incessant labor, by immortal creatures, for this earth
must pass into eternity before the good of which it is susceptible is
all developed. Not to know that any Christian spirit working kindly in
its little sphere, whatever it may be, will find its mortal life too
short for its vast means of usefulness. Not to know that no space of
regret can make amends for one life's opportunity misused! Yet such was
I! Oh, such was I!"

"But you were always a good man of business, Jacob," faltered Scrooge,
who now began to apply this to himself.

"Business!" cried the Ghost, wringing its hands again. "Mankind was my
business. The common welfare was my business; charity, mercy,
forbearance, and benevolence were all my business. The dealings of my
trade were but a drop of water in the comprehensive ocean of my
business!"

It held up its chain at arm's-length, as if that were the cause of all
its unavailing grief, and flung it heavily upon the ground again.

"At this time of the rolling year," the Specter said, "I suffer most.
Why did I walk through crowds of fellow-beings with my eyes turned
down, and never raise them to that blessed Star which led the Wise Men
to a poor abode! Were there no poor homes to which its light would have
conducted _me_?"

Scrooge was very much dismayed to hear the Specter going on at this
rate, and began to quake exceedingly.

"Hear me!" cried the Ghost. "My time is nearly gone."

"I will," said Scrooge. "But don't be hard upon me! Don't be flowery,
Jacob, pray!"

"How it is that I appear before you in a shape that you can see, I may
not tell. I have sat invisible beside you many and many a day."

It was not an agreeable idea. Scrooge shivered and wiped the
perspiration from his brow.

"That is no light part of my penance," pursued the Ghost. "I am here
to-night to warn you, that you have yet a chance and hope of escaping
my fate. A chance and hope of my procuring, Ebenezer."

"You were always a good friend to me," said Scrooge. "Thank'ee!"

"You will be haunted," resumed the Ghost, "by three spirits."

Scrooge's countenance fell almost as low as the Ghost's had done.

"Is that the chance and hope you mentioned, Jacob?" he demanded, in a
faltering voice.

"It is."

"I--I think I'd rather not," said Scrooge.

"Without their visits," said the Ghost, "you cannot hope to shun the
path I tread. Expect the first to-morrow, when the bell tolls one."

"Couldn't I take 'em all at once and have it over, Jacob?" hinted
Scrooge.

"Expect the second on the next night at the same hour. The third upon
the next night when the last stroke of twelve has ceased to vibrate.
Look to see me no more; and look that, for your own sake, you remember
what has passed between us!"

When it had said these words the Specter took its wrapper from the
table and bound it round its head as before. Scrooge knew this by the
smart sound its teeth made when the jaws were brought together by the
bandage. He ventured to raise his eyes again, and found his
supernatural visitor confronting him in an erect attitude, with its
chain wound over and about its arm.

The apparition walked backward from him and at every step it took the
window raised itself a little, so that when the Specter reached it, it
was wide open.

It beckoned Scrooge to approach which he did. When they were within two
paces of each other, Marley's Ghost held up its hand, warning him to
come no nearer. Scrooge stopped.

Not so much in obedience as in surprise and fear; for on the raising of
the hand, he became sensible of confused noises in the air; incoherent
sounds of lamentation and regret; wailings inexpressibly sorrowful and
self-accusatory. The Specter, after listening for a moment, joined in
the mournful dirge, and floated out upon the bleak, dark night.

Scrooge followed to the window, desperate in his curiosity. He looked
out.

The air was filled with phantoms, wandering hither and thither in
restless haste, and moaning as they went. Every one of them wore chains
like Marley's Ghost; some few (they might be guilty governments) were
linked together; none were free. Many had been personally known to
Scrooge in their lives. He had been quite familiar with one old ghost
in a white waistcoat, with a monstrous iron safe attached to its ankle,
who cried piteously at being unable to assist a wretched woman with an
infant, whom it saw below, upon a door-step. The misery with them all
was clearly that they sought to interfere, for good, in human matters,
and had lost the power forever.

Whether these creatures faded into mist, or mist enshrouded them, he
could not tell. But they and their spirit voices faded together, and
the night became as it had been when he walked home.

Scrooge closed the window, and examined the door by which the Ghost had
entered. It was double-locked, as he had locked it with his own hands,
and the bolts were undisturbed. He tried to say "Humbug!" but stopped
at the first syllable. And being--from the emotion he had undergone, or
the fatigues of the day, or his glimpse of the invisible world, or the
dull conversation of the Ghost, or the lateness of the hour--much in
need of repose, went straight to bed without undressing, and fell
asleep upon the instant.


STAVE TWO.

THE FIRST OF THE THREE SPIRITS.

When Scrooge awoke it was so dark that, looking out of bed, he could
scarcely distinguish the transparent window from the opaque walls of
his chamber. He was endeavoring to pierce the darkness with his ferret
eyes when the chimes of a neighboring church struck the four quarters.
So he listened for the hour.

To his great astonishment the heavy bell went on from six to seven, and
from seven to eight, and regularly up to twelve; then stopped. Twelve!
It was past two when he went to bed. The clock was wrong. An icicle
must have got into the works. Twelve!

He touched the spring of his repeater to correct this most preposterous
clock. Its rapid little pulse beat twelve, and stopped.

"Why, it isn't possible," said Scrooge, "that I can have slept through
a whole day and far into another night. It isn't possible that anything
has happened to the sun, and this is twelve at noon!"

The idea being an alarming one, he scrambled out of bed, and groped his
way to the window. He was obliged to rub the frost off with the sleeve
of his dressing-gown before he could see anything; and could see very
little then. All he could make out was, that it was still very foggy
and extremely cold, and that there was no noise of people running to
and fro, and making a great stir, as there unquestionably would have
been if night had beaten off bright day and taken possession of the
world. This was a great relief, because "three days after sight of this
First of Exchange pay to Mr. Ebenezer Scrooge or his order," and so
forth, would have become a mere United States' security if there were
no days to count by.

Scrooge went to bed again and thought and thought, and thought it over
and over and over, and could make nothing of it. The more he thought,
the more perplexed he was; and the more he endeavored not to think, the
more he thought.

Marley's Ghost bothered him exceedingly. Every time he resolved within
himself, after mature inquiry, that it was all a dream, his mind flew
back again, like a strong spring released to its first position, and
presented the same problem to be worked all through, "Was it a dream or
not?"

Scrooge lay in this state until the chime had gone three-quarters more,
when he remembered, on a sudden, that the Ghost had warned him of a
visitation when the bell tolled one. He resolved to lie awake until the
hour was passed; and considering that he could no more go to sleep than
go to heaven, this was perhaps the wisest resolution in his power.

The quarter was so long that he was more than once convinced he must
have sunk into a doze unconsciously, and missed the clock. At length it
broke upon his listening ear.

"Ding, dong!"

"A quarter past," said Scrooge, counting.

"Ding, dong!"

"Half-past!" said Scrooge.

"Ding, dong!"

"A quarter to it," said Scrooge.

"Ding, dong!"

"The hour itself," said Scrooge, triumphantly, "and nothing else!"

He spoke before the hour bell sounded, which it now did with a deep,
dull, hollow, melancholy ONE. Light flashed up in the room upon the
instant, and the curtains of his bed were drawn.

The curtains of his bed were drawn aside, I tell you, by a hand. Not
the curtains at his feet, nor the curtains at his back, but those to
which his face was addressed. The curtains of his bed were drawn aside;
and Scrooge, starting up into a half-recumbent attitude, found himself
face to face with the unearthly visitor who drew them, as close to it
as I am now to you, and I am standing in the spirit at your elbow.

It was a strange figure--like a child; yet not so like a child as like
an old man, viewed through some supernatural medium, which gave him the
appearance of having receded from the view, and being diminished to a
child's proportions. Its hair, which hung about its neck and down its
back, was white as if with age; and yet the face had not a wrinkle in
it, and the tenderest bloom was on the skin. The arms were very long
and muscular; the hands the same, as if its hold were of uncommon
strength. Its legs and feet, most delicately formed, were, like those
upper members, bare. It wore a tunic of the purest white; and round its
waist was bound a lustrous belt, the sheen of which was beautiful. It
held a branch of fresh, green holly in its hand, and in singular
contradiction of that wintry emblem, had its dress trimmed with summer
flowers. But the strangest thing about it was, that from the crown of
its head there sprung a bright, clear jet of light, by which all this
was visible; and which was doubtless the occasion of its using, in its
duller moments, a great extinguisher for a cap, which it now held under
its arm.

Even this, though, when Scrooge looked at it with increasing
steadiness, was _not_ its strangest quality. For as its belt sparkled
and glittered now in one part and now in another, and what was light
one instant, at another time was dark, so the figure itself fluctuated
in its distinctness; being now a thing with one arm, now with one leg,
now with twenty legs, now a pair of legs without a head, now a head
without a body, of which dissolving parts no outline would be visible
in the dense gloom wherein they melted away. And in the very wonder of
this, it would be itself again; distinct and clear as ever.

"Are you the Spirit, sir, whose coming was foretold to me?" asked
Scrooge.

"I am!"

The voice was soft and gentle. Singularly low, as if, instead of being
so close beside him, it were at a distance.

"Who and what are you?" Scrooge demanded.

"I am the Ghost of Christmas Past."

"Long past?" inquired Scrooge, observant of its dwarfish stature.

"No; your past."

Perhaps Scrooge could not have told anybody why if anybody could have
asked him, but he had a special desire to see the Spirit in his cap,
and begged him to be covered.

"What!" exclaimed the Ghost, "would you so soon put out, with worldly
hands, the light I give? Is it not enough that you are one of those
whose passions made this cap, and force me through whole trains of
years to wear it low upon my brow!"

Scrooge reverently disclaimed all intention to offend or any knowledge
of having willfully "bonneted" the Spirit at any period of his life. He
then made bold to inquire what business brought him there.

"Your welfare!" said the Ghost.

Scrooge expressed himself much obliged, but could not help thinking
that a night of unbroken rest would have been more conducive to that
end. The Spirit must have heard him thinking, for it said immediately,
"Your reclamation, then. Take heed!"

It put out its strong hand as it spoke, and clasped him gently by the
arm.

"Rise, and walk with me!"

It would have been in vain for Scrooge to plead that the weather and
the hour were not adapted to pedestrian purposes; that the bed was
warm, and the thermometer a long way below freezing; that he was clad
but lightly in his slippers, dressing-gown, and night-cap; and that he
had a cold upon him at that time. The grasp, though gentle as a woman's
hand, was not to be resisted. He rose; but finding that the Spirit made
towards the window, clasped his robe in supplication.

"I am a mortal," Scrooge remonstrated, "and liable to fall."

"Bear but a touch of my hand _there_," said the Spirit, laying it
upon his heart, "and you shall be upheld in more than this!"

As the words were spoken, they passed through the wall, and stood upon
an open country road, with fields on either hand. The city had entirely
vanished. Not a vestige of it was to be seen. The darkness and the mist
had vanished with it, for it was a clear, cold, winter day, with snow
upon the ground.

"Good heaven!" said Scrooge, clasping his hands together as he looked
about him. "I was bred in this place. I was a boy here!"

The Spirit gazed upon him mildly. Its gentle touch, though it had been
light and instantaneous, appeared still present to the old man's sense
of feeling. He was conscious of a thousand odors floating in the air,
each one connected with a thousand thoughts, and hopes, and joys, and
cares, long, long forgotten!

"Your lip is trembling," said the Ghost. "And what is that upon your
cheek?"

Scrooge muttered, with an unusual catching in his voice, that it was a
pimple; and begged the Ghost to lead him where he would.

"You recollect the way?" inquired the Spirit.

"Remember it!" cried Scrooge, with fervor; "I could walk it blindfold."

"Strange to have forgotten it for so many years!" observed the Ghost.
"Let us go on."

They walked along the road. Scrooge recognizing every gate, and post,
and tree, until a little market-town appeared in the distance, with its
bridge, its church, and winding river. Some shaggy ponies now were seen
trotting towards them with boys upon their backs, who called to other
boys in country gigs and carts, driven by farmers. All these boys were
in great spirits, and shouted to each other, until the broad fields
were so full of merry music that the crisp air laughed to hear it.

"These are but shadows of the things that have been," said the Ghost.
"They have no consciousness of us."

The jocund travelers came on; and as they came, Scrooge knew and named
them every one. Why was he rejoiced beyond all bounds to see them! Why
did his cold eye glisten, and his heart leap up as they went past! Why
was he filled with gladness when he heard them give each other Merry
Christmas, as they parted at cross-roads and by-ways, for their several
homes! What was merry Christmas to Scrooge? Out upon merry Christmas!
What good had it ever done to him?

"The school is not quite deserted," said the Ghost. "A solitary child,
neglected by his friends, is left there still."

Scrooge said he knew it. And he sobbed.

They left the high-road by a well-remembered lane and soon approached a
mansion of dull red brick, with a little weather-cock-surmounted cupola
on the roof, and a bell hanging in it. It was a large house, but one of
broken fortunes, for the spacious offices were little used, their walls
were damp and mossy, their windows broken, and their gates decayed.
Fowls clucked and strutted in the stables, and the coach-houses and
sheds were overrun with grass. Nor was it more retentive of its ancient
state within; for entering the dreary hall, and glancing through the
open doors of many rooms, they found them poorly furnished, cold, and
vast. There was an earthy savor in the air, a chilly bareness in the
place, which associated itself somehow with too much getting up by
candle-light, and not too much to eat.

They went, the Ghost and Scrooge, across the hall, to a door at the
back of the house. It opened before them, and disclosed a long, bare,
melancholy room, made barer still by lines of plain deal forms and
desks. At one of these a lonely boy was reading near a feeble fire, and
Scrooge sat down upon a form, and wept to see his poor forgotten self
as he used to be.

Not a latent echo in the house, not a squeak and scuffle from the mice
behind the paneling, not a drip from the half-thawed water-spout in the
dull yard behind, not a sigh among the leafless boughs of one
despondent poplar, not the idle swinging of an empty store-house door,
no, not a clicking in the fire, but fell upon the head of Scrooge with
a softening influence, and gave a freer passage to his tears.

The Spirit touched him on the arm, and pointed to his younger self,
intent upon his reading. Suddenly a man, in foreign garments--wonderfully
real and distinct to look at--stood outside the window, with an axe
stuck in his belt, and leading by the bridle an ass laden with wood.

"Why, it's Ali Baba!" Scrooge exclaimed, in ecstasy. "It's dear old
honest Ali Baba! Yes, yes, I know! One Christmas time, when yonder
solitary child was left here all alone, he _did_ come, for the first
time, just like that. Poor boy! And Valentine," said Scrooge, "and his
wild brother, Orson; there they go! And what's his name, who was put
down in his drawers, asleep, at the Gate of Damascus; don't you see
him? And the Sultan's Groom turned upside down by the Genii; there he
is upon his head! Serve him right. I'm glad of it. What business had
_he_ to be married to the Princess!"

To hear Scrooge expending all the earnestness of his nature on such
subjects, in a most extraordinary voice between laughing and crying,
and to see his heightened and excited face, would have been a surprise
to his business friends in the city, indeed.

"There's the parrot!" cried Scrooge. "Green body and yellow tail, with
a thing like a lettuce growing out of the top of his head; there he is!
Poor Robin Crusoe, he called him, when he came home again after sailing
round the island. 'Poor Robin Crusoe, where have you been, Robin
Crusoe?' The man thought he was dreaming, but he wasn't. It was the
parrot, you know. There goes Friday, running for his life to the little
creek! Halloa! Hoop! Halloo!"

Then, with a rapidity of transition very foreign to his usual
character, he said, in pity for his former self, "Poor boy!" and cried
again.

"I wish," Scrooge muttered, putting his hand in his pocket, and looking
about him, after drying his eyes with his cuff, "--but it's too late
now."

"What is the matter?" asked the Spirit.

"Nothing," said Scrooge. "Nothing. There was a boy singing a Christmas
carol at my door last night. I should like to have given him something;
that's all."

The Ghost smiled, thoughtfully, and waved its hand, saying as it did
so, "Let us see another Christmas!"

Scrooge's former self grew larger at the words, and the room became a
little darker and more dirty. The panels shrunk, the windows cracked;
fragments of plaster fell out of the ceiling, and the naked laths were
shown instead; but how all this was brought about, Scrooge knew no more
than you do. He only knew that it was quite correct; that everything
had happened so; that there he was, alone again, when all the other
boys had gone home for the jolly holidays.

He was not reading now, but walking up and down despairingly. Scrooge
looked at the Ghost, and with a mournful shaking of his head, glanced
anxiously towards the door.

It opened, and a little girl, much younger than the boy, came darting
in, and putting her arms about his neck, and often kissing him,
addressed him as her "Dear, dear brother."

"I have come to bring you home, dear brother!" said the child, clapping
her tiny hands, and bending down to laugh. "To bring you home, home,
home!"

"Home, little Fan?" returned the boy.

"Yes!" said the child, brimful of glee. "Home for good and all. Home,
forever and ever. Father is so much kinder than he used to be that
home's like heaven! He spoke so gently to me one dear night when I was
going to bed, that I was not afraid to ask him once more if you might
come home; and he said yes, you should; and sent me in a coach to bring
you. And you're to be a man," said the child, opening her eyes, "and
are never to come back here; but first, we're to be together all the
Christmas long, and have the merriest time in all the world."

"You are quite a woman, little Fan!" exclaimed the boy.

She clapped her hands and laughed, and tried to touch his head; but
being too little, laughed again, and stood on tiptoe to embrace him.
Then she began to drag him, in her childish eagerness, towards the
door; and he, nothing loth to go, accompanied her.

A terrible voice in the hall cried, "Bring down Master Scrooge's box,
there!" and in the hall appeared the school-master himself, who glared
on Master Scrooge with a ferocious condescension, and threw him into a
dreadful state of mind by shaking hands with him. He then conveyed him
and his sister into the veriest old well of a shivering best parlor
that ever was seen, where the maps upon the wall, and the celestial and
terrestrial globes in the windows, were waxy with cold. Here he
produced a decanter of curiously light wine and a block of curiously
heavy cake, and administered instalments of those dainties to the young
people; at the same time sending out a meager servant to offer a glass
of "something" to the post-boy, who answered that he thanked the
gentleman, but if it was the same tap as he had tasted before, he had
rather not. Master Scrooge's trunk being by this time tied onto the top
of the chaise, the children bade the school-master good by right
willingly, and getting into it drove gayly down the garden sweep; the
quick wheels dashing the hoar-frost and snow from off the dark leaves
of the evergreens like spray.

"Always a delicate creature, whom a breath might have withered," said
the Ghost. "But she had a large heart!"

"So she had," cried Scrooge. "You're right. I will not gainsay it,
Spirit. God forbid!"

"She died a woman," said the Ghost, "and had, as I think, children."

"One child," Scrooge returned.

"True," said the Ghost. "Your nephew!"

Scrooge seemed uneasy in his mind, and answered, briefly, "Yes."

Although they had but that moment left the school behind them, they
were now in the busy thoroughfares of a city, where shadowy passengers
passed and repassed; where shadowy carts and coaches battled for the
way, and all the strife and tumult of a real city were. It was made
plain enough, by the dressing of the shops, that here, too, it was
Christmas time again; but it was evening, and the streets were lighted
up.

The Ghost stopped at a certain warehouse door, and asked Scrooge if he
knew it.

"Know it!" said Scrooge. "Was I apprenticed here!"

They went in. At sight of an old gentleman in a Welsh wig, sitting
behind such a high desk that if he had been two inches taller he must
have knocked his head against the ceiling, Scrooge cried in great
excitement, "Why, it's old Fezziwig! Bless his heart; it's Fezziwig
alive again!"

Old Fezziwig laid down his pen and looked up at the clock, which
pointed to the hour of seven. He rubbed his hands; adjusted his
capacious waistcoat; laughed all over himself, from his shoes to his
organ of benevolence; and called out in a comfortable, oily, rich, fat,
jovial voice, "Yo ho, there! Ebenezer! Dick!"

Scrooge's former self, now grown a young man, came briskly in,
accompanied by his fellow-'prentice.

"Dick Wilkins, to be sure!" said Scrooge to the Ghost. "Bless me, yes.
There he is. He was very much attached to me, was Dick. Poor Dick!
Dear, dear!"

"Yo ho, my boys!" said Fezziwig. "No more work to-night. Christmas Eve,
Dick. Christmas, Ebenezer! Let's have the shutters up," cried old
Fezziwig, with a sharp clap of his hands, "before a man can say Jack
Robinson!"

You wouldn't believe how those two fellows went at it! They charged
into the street with the shutters--one, two, three--had 'em up in their
places--four, five, six--barred 'em and pinned 'em--seven, eight,
nine--and came back before you could have got to twelve, panting like
race-horses.

"Hilli-ho!" cried old Fezziwig, skipping down from the high desk, with
wonderful agility. "Clear away, my lads, and let's have lots of room
here! Hilli-ho, Dick! Chirrup, Ebenezer!"

Clear away! There was nothing they wouldn't have cleared away, or
couldn't have cleared away, with old Fezziwig looking on. It was done
in a minute. Every movable was packed off, as if it were dismissed from
public life forevermore, the floor was swept and watered, the lamps
were trimmed, fuel was heaped upon the fire; and the warehouse was as
snug, and warm, and dry, and bright a ball-room as you would desire to
see upon a winter's night.

In came a fiddler with a music-book, and went up to the lofty desk, and
made an orchestra out of it, and tuned like fifty stomachaches. In came
Mrs. Fezziwig, one vast, substantial smile. In came the three Miss
Fezziwigs, beaming and lovable. In came the six young followers whose
hearts they broke. In came all the young men and women employed in the
business. In came the housemaid, with her cousin, the baker. In came
the cook, with her brother's particular friend, the milkman. In came
the boy from over the way, who was suspected of not having board enough
from his master; trying to hide himself behind the girl from next door
but one, who was proved to have had her ears pulled by her mistress. In
they all came, one after another; some shyly, some boldly, some
gracefully, some awkwardly, some pushing, some pulling; in they all
came, anyhow and everyhow. Away they all went, twenty couple at once;
hands half round and back again the other way; down the middle and up
again; round and round in various stages of affectionate grouping; old
top couple always turning up in the wrong place; new top couple
starting off again, as soon as they got there; all top couples at last,
and not a bottom one to help them! When this result was brought about,
old Fezziwig, clapping his hands to stop the dance, cried out, "Well
done!" and the fiddler plunged his hot face into a pot of porter
especially provided for that purpose. But scorning rest, upon his
reappearance, he instantly began again--though there were no dancers
yet--as if the other fiddler had been carried home, exhausted, on a
shutter, and he were a brand-new man, resolved to beat him out of sight
or perish.

There were more dances, and there were forfeits, and more dances, and
there was cake, and there was negus, and there was a great piece of
cold roast, and there was a great piece of cold boiled, and there were
mince-pies, and plenty of beer. But the great effect of the evening
came after the roast and boiled, when the fiddler (an artful dog, mind!
The sort of man who knew his business better than you or I could have
told it him!) struck up "Sir Roger de Coverley." Then old Fezziwig
stood out to dance with Mrs. Fezziwig. Top couple, too, with a good,
stiff piece of work cut out for them; three or four and twenty pair of
partners; people who were not to be trifled with; people who _would_
dance, and had no notion of walking.

But if they had been twice as many--ah, four times--old Fezziwig would
have been a match for them, and so would Mrs. Fezziwig. As to _her_,
she was worthy to be his partner in every sense of the term. If that's
not high praise, tell me higher and I'll use it. A positive light
appeared to issue from Fezziwig's calves. They shone in every part of
the dance like moons. You couldn't have predicted, at any given time,
what would have become of them next. And when old Fezziwig and Mrs.
Fezziwig had gone all through the dance--advance and retire, both hands
to your partner, bow and curtsey, cork-screw, thread-the-needle, and
back again to your place--Fezziwig "cut"--cut so deftly that he
appeared to wink with his legs, and came up on his feet again without a
stagger.

When the clock struck eleven, this domestic ball broke up. Mr. and Mrs.
Fezziwig took their stations, one on either side of the door, and
shaking hands with every person individually as he or she went out,
wished him or her a Merry Christmas. When everybody had retired but the
two 'prentices, they did the same to them; and thus the cheerful voices
died away, and the lads were left to their beds, which were under a
counter in the back shop.

During the whole of this time Scrooge had acted like a man out of his
wits. His heart and soul were in the scene, and with his former self.
He corroborated everything, remembered everything, enjoyed everything,
and underwent the strangest agitation. It was not until now, when the
bright faces of his former self and Dick were turned from them, that he
remembered the Ghost, and became conscious that it was looking full
upon him, while the light upon its head burnt very clear.

"A small matter," said the Ghost, "to make these silly folks so full of
gratitude."

"Small!" echoed Scrooge.

The spirit signed to him to listen to the two apprentices, who were
pouring out their hearts in praise of Fezziwig; and when he had done
so, said, "Why, is it not? He has spent but a few pounds of your mortal
money--three or four, perhaps. Is that so much that he deserves this
praise?"

"It isn't that," said Scrooge, heated by the remark, and speaking
unconsciously like his former, not his latter self. "It isn't that,
Spirit. He has the power to render us happy or unhappy; to make our
service light or burdensome; a pleasure or a toil. Say that his power
lies in words and looks; in things so slight and insignificant that it
is impossible to add and count 'em up: what then? The happiness he
gives is quite as great as if it cost a fortune."

He felt the Spirit's glance, and stopped.

"What is the matter?" asked the Ghost.

"Nothing particular," said Scrooge.

"Something, I think?" the Ghost insisted.

"No," said Scrooge, "No. I should like to be able to say a word or two
to my clerk just now. That's all."

His former self turned down the lamps as he gave utterance to the wish;
and Scrooge and the Ghost again stood side by side in the open air.

"My time grows short," observed the Spirit. "Quick!"

This was not addressed to Scrooge, or to any one whom he could see, but
it produced an immediate effect. For again Scrooge saw himself. He was
older now; a man in the prime of life. His face had not the harsh and
rigid lines of later years, but it had begun to wear the signs of care
and avarice. There was an eager, greedy, restless motion in the eye,
which showed the passion that had taken root, and where the shadow of
the growing tree would fall.

He was not alone, but sat by the side of a fair young girl in a
mourning dress, in whose eyes there were tears which sparkled in the
light that shone out of the Ghost of Christmas Past.

"It matters little," she said, softly. "To you, very little. Another
idol has displaced me, and if it can cheer and comfort you in time to
come as I would have tried to do, I have no just cause to grieve."

"What idol has displaced you?" he rejoined.

"A golden one."

"This is the even-handed dealing of the world!" he said. "There is
nothing on which it is so hard as poverty; and there is nothing it
professes to condemn with such severity as the pursuit of wealth!"

"You fear the world too much," she answered, gently. "All your other
hopes have merged into the hope of being beyond the chance of its
sordid reproach. I have seen your nobler aspirations fall off one by
one, until the master-passion, Gain, engrosses you. Have I not?"

"What then?" he retorted. "Even if I have grown so much wiser, what
then? I am not changed towards you."

She shook her head.

"Am I?"

"Our contract is an old one. It was made when we were both poor and
content to be so, until, in good season, we could improve our worldly
fortune by our patient industry. You _are_ changed. When it was made,
you were another man."

"I was a boy," he said, impatiently.

"Your own feeling tells you that you were not what you are," she
returned. "I am. That which promised happiness when we were one in
heart, is fraught with misery now that we are two. How often and how
keenly I have thought of this, I will not say. It is enough that I
_have_ thought of it, and can release you."

"Have I ever sought release?"

"In words. No, never."

"In what, then?"

"In a changed nature; in an altered spirit; in another atmosphere of
life; another hope as its great end. In everything that made my love of
any worth or value in your sight. If this had ever been between us,"
said the girl, looking mildly, but with steadiness upon him, "tell me,
would you seek me out and try to win me now? Ah, no!"

He seemed to yield to the justice of this supposition, in spite of
himself. But he said, with a struggle, "You think not."

"I would gladly think otherwise if I could," she answered, "heaven
knows! When _I_ have learned a truth like this, I know how strong
and irresistible it must be. But if you were free to-day, to-morrow,
yesterday, can even I believe that you would choose a dowerless
girl--you who, in your very confidence with her, weigh everything by
gain; or choosing her, if for a moment you were false enough to your
one guiding principle to do so, do I not know that your repentance and
regret would surely follow? I do; and I release you, with a full heart,
for the love of him you once were."

He was about to speak; but with her head turned from him, she resumed.
"You may--the memory of what is past half makes me hope you will--have
pain in this. A very, very brief time, and you will dismiss the
recollection of it gladly, as an unprofitable dream, from which it
happened well that you awoke. May you be happy in the life you have
chosen!"

She left him and they parted.

"Spirit!" said Scrooge, "show me no more! Conduct me home. Why do you
delight to torture me?"

"One shadow more!" exclaimed the Ghost.

"No more!" cried Scrooge. "No more. I don't wish to see it. Show me no
more!"

But the relentless Ghost pinioned him in both his arms, and forced him
to observe what happened next.

They were in another scene and place; a room, not very large or
handsome, but full of comfort. Near to the winter fire sat a beautiful
young girl, so like that last that Scrooge believed it was the same,
until he saw _her_, now a comely matron, sitting opposite her daughter.
The noise in this room was perfectly tumultuous, for there were more
children there than Scrooge in his agitated state of mind could count;
and unlike the celebrated herd in the poem, there were not forty
children conducting themselves like one, but every child was conducting
itself like forty. The consequences were uproarious beyond belief; but
no one seemed to care; on the contrary, the mother and daughter laughed
heartily, and enjoyed it very much; and the latter, soon beginning to
mingle in the sports, got pillaged by the young brigands most
ruthlessly. What would I not have given to be one of them. Though I
never could have been so rude, no, no! I wouldn't for the wealth of all
the world have crushed that braided hair and torn it down; and for the
precious little shoe, I wouldn't have plucked it off, God bless my
soul! to save my life. As to measuring her waist in sport, as they did,
bold young brood, I couldn't have done it; I should have expected my
arm to have grown round it for a punishment, and never come straight
again. And yet I should have dearly liked, I own, to have touched her
lips; to have questioned her, that she might have opened them; to have
looked upon the lashes of her downcast eyes, and never raised a blush;
to have let loose waves of hair, an inch of which would be a keepsake
beyond price; in short, I should have liked, I do confess, to have had
the lightest license of a child, and yet to have been man enough to
know its value.

But now a knocking at the door was heard, and such a rush immediately
ensued that she, with laughing face and plundered dress, was borne
towards it, the center of a flushed and boisterous group, just in time
to greet the father, who came home attended by a man laden with
Christmas toys and presents. Then the shouting and the struggling, and
the onslaught that was made on the defenseless porter! The scaling him
with chairs for ladders to dive into his pockets, despoil him of brown
paper parcels, hold on tight by his cravat, hug him round his neck,
pommel his back, and kick his legs in irrepressible affection! The
shouts of wonder and delight with which the development of every
package was received! The terrible announcement that the baby had been
taken in the act of putting a doll's frying-pan into his mouth, and was
more than suspected of having swallowed a fictitious turkey glued on a
wooden platter! The immense relief of finding this a false alarm! The
joy, and gratitude, and ecstasy! They are all indescribable alike. It
is enough that by degrees the children and their emotions got out of
the parlor, and by one stair at a time, up to the top of the house,
where they went to bed, and so subsided.

And now Scrooge looked on more attentively than ever, when the master
of the house, having his daughter leaning fondly on him, sat down with
her and her mother at his own fireside; and when he thought that such
another creature, quite as graceful and as full of promise, might have
called him father, and been a springtime in the haggard winter of his
life, his sight grew very dim indeed.

"Belle," said the husband, turning to his wife, with a smile, "I saw an
old friend of yours this afternoon."

"Who was it?"

"Guess!"

"How can I? Tut, don't I know," she added, in the same breath, laughing
as he laughed. "Mr. Scrooge."

"Mr. Scrooge it was. I passed his office window, and as it was not shut
up and he had a candle inside, I could scarcely help seeing him. His
partner lies upon the point of death, I hear, and there he sat alone.
Quite alone in the world, I do believe."

"Spirit!" said Scrooge, in a broken voice, "remove me from this place."

"I told you these were shadows of the things that have been," said the
Ghost. "That they are what they are, do not blame me!"

"Remove me!" Scrooge exclaimed, "I cannot bear it!"

He turned upon the Ghost, and seeing that it looked upon him with a
face, in which in some strange way there were fragments of all the
faces it had shown him, wrestled with it.

"Leave me! Take me back. Haunt me no longer!"

In the struggle, if that can be called a struggle in which the Ghost
with no visible resistance on its own part was undisturbed by any
effort of its adversary, Scrooge observed that its light was burning
high and bright, and dimly connecting that with its influence over him,
he seized the extinguisher-cap, and by a sudden action pressed it down
upon its head.

The Spirit dropped beneath it, so that the extinguisher covered its
whole form; but though Scrooge pressed it down with all his force, he
could not hide the light which streamed from under it in an unbroken
flood upon the ground.

He was conscious of being exhausted, and overcome by an irresistible
drowsiness; and further, of being in his own bedroom. He gave the cap a
parting squeeze, in which his hand relaxed, and had barely time to reel
to bed before he sank into a heavy sleep.


STAVE THREE.

THE SECOND OF THE THREE SPIRITS.

Awaking in the middle of a prodigiously tough snore, and sitting up in
bed to get his thoughts together, Scrooge had no occasion to be told
that the bell was again upon the stroke of one. He felt that he was
restored to consciousness in the right nick of time, for the especial
purpose of holding a conference with the second messenger despatched to
him through Jacob Marley's intervention. But finding that he turned
uncomfortably cold when he began to wonder which of his curtains this
new specter would draw back, he put them every one aside with his own
hands, and lying down again, established a sharp lookout all round the
bed. For he wished to challenge the Spirit on the moment of its
appearance, and did not wish to be taken by surprise, and made nervous.

Gentlemen of the free-and-easy sort, who plume themselves on being
acquainted with a move or two, and being usually equal to the time of
day, express the wide range of their capacity for adventure by
observing that they are good for anything from pitch-and-toss to
manslaughter, between which opposite extremes, no doubt, there lies a
tolerably wide and comprehensive range of subjects. Without venturing
for Scrooge quite as hardily as this, I don't mind calling on you to
believe that he was ready for a good, broad field of strange
appearances, and that nothing between a baby and rhinoceros would have
astonished him very much.

Now, being prepared for almost anything, he was not by any means
prepared for nothing; and consequently, when the bell struck one, and
no shape appeared, he was taken with a violent fit of trembling. Five
minutes, ten minutes, a quarter of an hour went by, yet nothing came.
All this time he lay upon his bed, the very core and center of a blaze
of ruddy light which streamed upon it when the clock proclaimed the
hour, and which, being only light, was more alarming than a dozen
ghosts, as he was powerless to make out what it meant, or would be at,
and was sometimes apprehensive that he might be that very moment an
interesting case of spontaneous combustion, without having the
consolation of knowing it. At last, however, he began to think--as you
or I would have thought at first, for it is always the person not in
the predicament who knows what ought to have been done in it, and would
unquestionably have done it, too--at last, I say, he began to think
that the source and secret of this ghostly light might be in the
adjoining room, from whence, on further tracing it, it seemed to shine.
This idea taking full possession of his mind, he got up softly and
shuffled in his slippers to the door.

The moment Scrooge's hand was on the lock, a strange voice called him
by his name, and bade him enter. He obeyed.

It was his own room. There was no doubt about that. But it had
undergone a surprising transformation. The walls and ceiling were so
hung with living green that it looked a perfect grove, from every part
of which bright gleaming berries glistened. The crisp leaves of holly,
mistletoe, and ivy reflected back the light as if so many little
mirrors had been scattered there, and such a mighty blaze went roaring
up the chimney as that dull petrifaction of a hearth had never known in
Scrooge's time, or Marley's, or for many and many a winter season gone.
Heaped up on the floor, to form a kind of throne, were turkeys, geese,
game, poultry, brawn, great joints of meat, sucking pigs, long wreaths
of sausages, mince-pies, plum-puddings, barrels of oysters, red-hot
chestnuts, cherry-cheeked apples, juicy oranges, luscious pears,
immense twelfth-cakes, and seething bowls of punch, that made the
chamber dim with their delicious steam. In easy state upon this couch,
there sat a jolly giant, glorious to see, who bore a glowing torch, in
shape not unlike Plenty's horn, and held it up, high up, to shed its
light on Scrooge as he came peeping round the door.

"Come in!" exclaimed the Ghost. "Come in! and know me better, man!"

Scrooge entered, timidly, and hung his head before this Spirit. He was
not the dogged Scrooge he had been, and though the Spirit's eyes were
clear and kind, he did not like to meet them.

"I am the Ghost of Christmas Present," said the Spirit. "Look upon me!"

Scrooge reverently did so. It was clothed in one simple green robe, or
mantle, bordered with white fur. This garment hung so loosely on the
figure that its capacious breast was bare, as if disdaining to be
warded or concealed by any artifice. Its feet, observable beneath the
ample folds of the garment, were also bare, and on its head it wore no
other covering than a holly wreath, set here and there with shining
icicles. Its dark brown curls were long and free--free as its genial
face, its sparkling eye, its open hand, its cheery voice, its
unconstrained demeanor, and its joyful air. Girded round its middle was
an antique scabbard, but no sword was in it, and the ancient sheath was
eaten up with rust.

"You have never seen the like of me before!" exclaimed the Spirit.

"Never!" Scrooge made answer to it.

"Have never walked forth with the younger members of my family, meaning
(for I am very young) my elder brothers born in these later years?"
pursued the Phantom.

"I don't think I have," said Scrooge. "I am afraid I have not. Have you
had many brothers, Spirit?"

"More than eighteen hundred," said the Ghost.

"A tremendous family to provide for!" muttered Scrooge.

The Ghost of Christmas Present rose.

"Spirit," said Scrooge, submissively, "conduct me where you will. I
went forth last night on compulsion, and I learnt a lesson which is
working now. To-night, if you have aught to teach me, let me profit by
it."

"Touch my robe!"

Scrooge did as he was told, and held it fast.

Holly, mistletoe, red berries, ivy, turkeys, geese, game, poultry,
brawn, meat, pigs, sausages, oysters, pies, puddings, fruit, and punch
all vanished instantly. So did the room, the fire, the ruddy glow, the
hour of night, and they stood in the city streets on Christmas morning,
where (for the weather was severe) the people made a rough, but brisk
and not unpleasant kind of music in scraping the snow from the pavement
in front of their dwellings, and from the tops of their houses, whence
it was mad delight to the boys to see it come plumping down into the
road below, and splitting into artificial little snow-storms.

The house fronts looked black enough, and the windows blacker,
contrasting with the smooth, white sheet of snow upon the roofs, and
with the dirtier snow upon the ground; which last deposit had been
ploughed up in deep furrows by the heavy wheels of carts and
wagons--furrows that crossed and re-crossed each other hundreds of
times where the great streets branched off, and made intricate channels
hard to trace in the thick, yellow mud and icy water. The sky was
gloomy and the shortest streets were choked up with a dingy mist, half
thawed, half frozen, whose heavier particles descended in a shower of
sooty atoms, as if all the chimneys in Great Britain had, by one
consent, caught fire, and were blazing away to their dear hearts'
content. There was nothing very cheerful in the climate of the town,
and yet was there an air of cheerfulness abroad that the clearest
summer air and brightest summer sun might have endeavored to diffuse in
vain. For the people who were shoveling away on the housetops were
jovial and full of glee; calling out to one another from the parapets,
and now and then exchanging a facetious snowball--better-natured
missile far than many a wordy jest--laughing heartily if it went right,
and not less heartily if it went wrong. The poulterers' shops were
still half open, and the fruiterers' were radiant in their glory. There
were great, round, pot-bellied baskets of chestnuts, shaped like the
waistcoats of jolly old gentlemen, lolling at the doors, and tumbling
out into the street in their apoplectic opulence. There were ruddy,
brown-faced, broad-girthed Spanish onions, shining in the fatness of
their growth like Spanish friars, and winking from their shelves in
wanton slyness at the girls as they went by, and glanced demurely at
the hung-up mistletoe. There were pears and apples clustered high in
blooming pyramids; there were bunches of grapes made, in the
shopkeepers' benevolence, to dangle from conspicuous hooks, that
people's mouths might water gratis as they passed; there were piles of
filberts, mossy and brown, recalling, in their fragrance, ancient walks
among the woods, and pleasant shufflings ankle deep through withered
leaves; there were Norfolk Biffins, squab and swarthy, setting off the
yellow of the oranges and lemons, and in the great compactness of their
juicy persons, urgently entreating and beseeching to be carried home in
paper bags and eaten after dinner. The very gold and silver fish, set
forth among these choice fruits in a bowl, though members of a dull and
stagnant blooded race, appeared to know that there was something going
on, and to a fish went gasping round and round their little world in
slow and passionless excitement.

The grocers'! oh the grocers'! nearly closed, with perhaps two shutters
down, or one; but through those gaps such glimpses! It was not alone
that the scales descending on the counter made a merry sound, or that
the twine and roller parted company so briskly, or that the canisters
were rattled up and down like juggling tricks, or even that the blended
scents of tea and coffee were so grateful to the nose, or even that the
raisins were so plentiful and pure, the almonds so extremely white, the
sticks of cinnamon so long and straight, the other spices so delicious,
the candied fruits so caked and spotted with molten sugar as to make
the coldest lookers-on feel faint and subsequently bilious. Nor was it
that the figs were moist and pulpy, or that the French plums blushed in
modest tartness from their highly decorated boxes, or that everything
was good to eat and in its Christmas dress; but the customers were all
so hurried and so eager in the hopeful promise of the day, that they
tumbled up against each other at the door, crashing their wicker
baskets wildly, and left their purchases upon the counter, and came
running back to fetch them, and committed hundreds of the like
mistakes, in the best humor possible; while the grocer and his people
were so frank and fresh that the polished hearts with which they
fastened their aprons behind might have been their own, worn outside
for general inspection, and for Christmas daws to peck at if they
chose.

But soon the steeples called good people all to church and chapel, and
away they came, flocking through the streets in their best clothes, and
with their gayest faces. At the same time there emerged from scores of
by-streets, lanes, and nameless turnings, innumerable people, carrying
their dinners to the bakers' shops. The sight of these poor revelers
appeared to interest the Spirit very much, for he stood with Scrooge
beside him in a baker's doorway, and taking off the covers as their
bearers passed, sprinkled incense on their dinners from his torch. And
it was a very uncommon kind of torch, for once or twice when there were
angry words between some dinner-carriers who had jostled each other, he
shed a few drops of water on them from it, and their good humor was
restored directly, for they said, it was a shame to quarrel upon
Christmas Day. And so it was! God love it, so it was!

In time the bells ceased and the bakers were shut up; and yet there was
a genial shadowing forth of all these dinners and the progress of their
cooking in the thawed blotch of wet above each baker's oven, where the
pavement smoked as if the stones were cooking, too.

"Is there a peculiar flavor in what you sprinkle from your torch?"
asked Scrooge.

"There is; my own."

"Would it apply to any kind of dinner on this day?" asked Scrooge.

"To any kindly given. To a poor one most."

"Why to a poor one most?" asked Scrooge.

"Because it needs it most."

"Spirit," said Scrooge, after a moment's thought, "I wonder you, of all
the beings in the many worlds about us, should desire to cramp these
people's opportunities of innocent enjoyment."

"I!" cried the Spirit.

"You would deprive them of their means of dining every seventh day,
often the only day on which they can be said to dine at all," said
Scrooge, "wouldn't you?"

"I!" cried the Spirit.

"You seek to close these places on the seventh day," said Scrooge, "and
it comes to the same thing."

"_I_ seek!" exclaimed the Spirit.

"Forgive me if I am wrong. It has been done in your name, or at least
in that of your family," said Scrooge.

"There are some upon this earth of yours," returned the Spirit, "who
lay claim to know us, and who do their deeds of passion, pride,
ill-will, hatred, envy, bigotry, and selfishness in our name, who are
as strange to us and all our kith and kin as if they had never lived.
Remember that, and charge their doings on themselves, not us."

Scrooge promised that he would, and they went on, invisible, as they
had been before, into the suburbs of the town. It was a remarkable
quality of the Ghost (which Scrooge had observed at the baker's), that
notwithstanding his gigantic size, he could accommodate himself to any
place with ease, and that he stood beneath a low roof quite as
gracefully and like a supernatural creature as it was possible he could
have done in any lofty hall.

And perhaps it was the pleasure the good Spirit had in showing off this
power of his, or else it was his own kind, generous, hearty nature, and
his sympathy with all poor men, that led him straight to Scrooge's
clerk's; for there he went, and took Scrooge with him, holding to his
robe; and on the threshold of the door the Spirit smiled, and stopped
to bless Bob Cratchit's dwelling with the sprinklings of his torch.
Think of that! Bob had but fifteen "Bob" a-week himself; he pocketed on
Saturdays but fifteen copies of his Christian name; and yet the Ghost
of Christmas Present blessed his four-roomed house!

Then up rose Mrs. Cratchit, Cratchit's wife, dressed out but poorly in
a twice-turned gown, but brave in ribbons, which are cheap and make a
goodly show for sixpence; and she laid the cloth, assisted by Belinda
Cratchit, second of her daughters, also brave in ribbons; while Master
Peter Cratchit plunged a fork into the saucepan of potatoes, and
getting the corners of his monstrous shirt collar (Bob's private
property, conferred upon his son and heir in honor of the day) into his
mouth, rejoiced to find himself so gallantly attired, and yearned to
show his linen in the fashionable parks. And now two smaller Cratchits,
boy and girl, came tearing in, screaming that outside the baker's they
had smelt the goose and known it for their own, and basking in
luxurious thoughts of sage and onion, these young Cratchits danced
about the table, and exalted Master Peter Cratchit to the skies, while
he (not proud, although his collars nearly choked him) blew the fire
until the slow potatoes bubbling up knocked loudly at the saucepan lid
to be led out and peeled.

"What has ever got your precious father then?" said Mrs. Cratchit. "And
your brother, Tiny Tim! And Martha warn't as late last Christmas Day by
half an hour."

"Here's Martha, mother!" said a girl, appearing as she spoke.

"Here's Martha, mother!" cried the two young Cratchits. "Hurrah!
There's _such_ a goose, Martha!"

"Why, bless your heart alive, my dear, how late you are!" said Mrs.
Cratchit, kissing her a dozen times, and taking off her shawl and
bonnet for her with officious zeal.

"We'd a deal of work to finish up last night," replied the girl, "and
had to clear away this morning, mother!"

"Well, never mind so long as you are come," said Mrs. Cratchit. "Sit ye
down before the fire, my dear, and have a warm, Lord bless ye!"

"No, no! There's father coming," cried the two young Cratchits, who
were everywhere at once. "Hide, Martha, hide!"

So Martha hid herself, and in came little Bob, the father, with at
least three feet of comforter, exclusive of the fringe, hanging down
before him, and his threadbare clothes darned up and brushed to look
seasonable, and Tiny Tim upon his shoulder. Alas for Tiny Tim, he bore
a little crutch and had his limbs supported by an iron frame!

"Why, where's our Martha?" cried Bob Cratchit, looking round.

"Not coming," said Mrs. Cratchit.

"Not coming!" said Bob, with a sudden declension in his high spirits,
for he had been Tim's blood horse all the way from church, and had come
home rampant; "not coming upon Christmas Day!"

Martha didn't like to see him disappointed, if it were only a joke, so
she came out prematurely from behind the closet door and ran into his
arms, while the two young Cratchits hustled Tiny Tim and bore him off
into the wash-house, that he might hear the pudding singing in the
copper.

"And how did little Tim behave?" asked Mrs. Cratchit, when she had
rallied Bob on his credulity, and Bob had hugged his daughter to his
heart's content.

"As good as gold," said Bob, "and better. Somehow he gets thoughtful,
sitting by himself so much, and thinks the strangest things you ever
heard. He told me coming home that he hoped the people saw him in the
church, because he was a cripple, and it might be pleasant to them to
remember upon Christmas Day who made lame beggars walk and blind men
see."

Bob's voice was tremulous when he told them this, and trembled more
when he said that Tiny Tim was growing strong and hearty.

His active little crutch was heard upon the floor, and back came Tiny
Tim before another word was spoken, escorted by his brother and sister
to his stool before the fire, and while Bob, turning up his cuffs--as
if, poor fellow, they were capable of being made more shabby--compounded
some hot mixture in a jug with gin and lemons, and stirred it round and
round and put it on the hob to simmer, Master Peter and the two ubiquitous
young Cratchits went to fetch the goose, with which they soon returned
in high procession.

Such a bustle ensued that you might have thought a goose the rarest of
all birds; a feathered phenomenon, to which a black swan was a matter
of course--and in truth it was something very like it in that house.
Mrs. Cratchit made the gravy (ready beforehand in a little saucepan)
hissing hot; Master Peter mashed the potatoes with incredible vigor;
Miss Belinda sweetened up the apple sauce; Martha dusted the hot
plates; Bob took Tiny Tim beside him in a tiny corner at the table; the
two young Cratchits set chairs for everybody, not forgetting
themselves, and mounting guard upon their posts, crammed spoons into
their mouths, lest they should shriek for goose before their turn came
to be helped. At last the dishes were set on, and grace was said. It
was succeeded by a breathless pause, as Mrs. Cratchit, looking slowly
all along the carving-knife, prepared to plunge it in the breast; but
when she did, and when the long-expected gush of stuffing issued forth,
one murmur of delight arose all round the board, and even Tiny Tim,
excited by the two young Cratchits, beat on the table with the handle
of his knife, and feebly cried Hurrah!

There never was such a goose. Bob said he didn't believe there ever was
such a goose cooked. Its tenderness and flavor, size and cheapness,
were the themes of universal admiration. Eked out by apple sauce and
mashed potatoes it was a sufficient dinner for the whole family;
indeed, as Mrs. Cratchit said with great delight (surveying one small
atom of a bone upon the dish), they hadn't ate it all at last! Yet
every one had had enough, and the youngest Cratchits in particular were
steeped in sage and onion to the eyebrows! But now, the plates being
changed by Miss Belinda, Mrs. Cratchit left the room alone--too nervous
to bear witnesses--to take the pudding up and bring it in.

Suppose it should not be done enough! Suppose it should break in
turning out! Suppose somebody should have got over the wall of the back
yard and stolen it while they were merry with the goose--a supposition
at which the two young Cratchits became livid! All sorts of horrors
were supposed.

Hallo! A great deal of steam! The pudding was out of the copper. A
smell like a washing-day! That was the cloth. A smell like an
eating-house and a pastry-cook's next door to each other, with a
laundress's next door to that! That was the pudding. In half a minute
Mrs. Cratchit entered--flushed, but smiling proudly--with the pudding,
like a speckled canon-ball, so hard and firm, blazing in half of half
a-quartern of ignited brandy, and bedight with Christmas holly stuck
into the top.

Oh, a wonderful pudding! Bob Cratchit said, and calmly, too, that he
regarded it as the greatest success achieved by Mrs. Cratchit since
their marriage. Mrs. Cratchit said that now the weight was off her
mind, she would confess she had had her doubts about the quantity of
flour. Everybody had something to say about it, but nobody said or
thought it was at all a small pudding for a large family. It would have
been flat heresy to do so. Any Cratchit would have blushed to hint at
such a thing.

At last the dinner was all done, the cloth was cleared, the hearth
swept, and the fire made up. The compound in the jug being tasted and
considered perfect, apples and oranges were put upon the table, and a
shovelful of chestnuts on the fire. Then all the Cratchit family drew
round the hearth, in what Bob Cratchit called a circle, meaning half a
one, and at Bob Cratchit's elbow stood the family display of glass: two
tumblers and a custard-cup without a handle.

These held the hot stuff from the jug, however, as well as golden
goblets would have done; and Bob served it out with beaming looks,
while the chestnuts on the fire sputtered and cracked noisily. Then Bob
proposed: "A Merry Christmas to us all, my dears. God bless us!"

Which all the family re-echoed.

"God bless us every one!" said Tiny Tim, the last of all.

He sat very close to his father's side upon his little stool. Bob held
his withered little hand in his, as if he loved the child, and wished
to keep him by his side, and dreaded that he might be taken from him.

"Spirit," said Scrooge, with an interest he had never felt before,
"tell me if Tiny Tim will live."

"I see a vacant seat," replied the Ghost, "in the poor chimney-corner,
and a crutch without an owner, carefully preserved. If these shadows
remain unaltered by the future, the child will die."

"No, no," said Scrooge. "Oh, no, kind Spirit! say he will be spared."

"If these shadows remain unaltered by the future, none other of my
race," returned the Ghost, "will find him here. What then? If he be
like to die, he had better do it, and decrease the surplus population."

Scrooge hung his head to hear his own words quoted by the Spirit, and
was overcome with penitence and grief.

"Man," said the Ghost, "if man you be in heart, not adamant, forbear
that wicked cant until you have discovered What the surplus is, and
Where is it. Will you decide what men shall live, what men shall die?
It may be that, in the sight of heaven, you are more worthless and less
fit to live than millions like this poor man's child. Oh, God, to hear
the insect on the leaf pronouncing on the too much life among his
hungry brothers in the dust!"

Scrooge bent before the Ghost's rebuke, and trembling, cast his eyes
upon the ground. But he raised them speedily on hearing his own name.

"Mr. Scrooge!" said Bob; "I'll give you Mr. Scrooge, the founder of the
feast!"

"The founder of the feast, indeed!" cried Mrs. Cratchit, reddening. "I
wish I had him here. I'd give him a piece of my mind to feast upon, and
I hope he'd have a good appetite for it."

"My dear," said Bob, "the children! Christmas Day."

"It should be Christmas Day, I am sure," said she, "on which one drinks
the health of such an odious, stingy, hard, unfeeling man as Mr.
Scrooge. You know he is, Robert! Nobody knows it better than you do,
poor fellow!"

"My dear," was Bob's mild answer, "Christmas Day."

"I'll drink his health for your sake and the day's," said Mrs.
Cratchit, "not for his. Long life to him! A Merry Christmas and a Happy
New Year! He'll be very merry and very happy, I have no doubt!"

The children drank the toast after her. It was the first of their
proceedings which had no heartiness. Tiny Tim drank it last of all, but
he didn't care twopence for it. Scrooge was the Ogre of the family. The
mention of his name cast a dark shadow on the party, which was not
dispelled for full five minutes.

After it had passed away, they were ten times merrier than before, from
the mere relief of Scrooge the baleful being done with. Bob Cratchit
told them how he had a situation in his eye for Master Peter, which
would bring in, if obtained, full five-and-sixpence weekly. The two
young Cratchits laughed tremendously at the idea of Peter's being a man
of business; and Peter himself looked thoughtfully at the fire from
between his collars, as if he were deliberating what particular
investments he should favor when he came into the receipt of that
bewildering income. Martha, who was a poor apprentice at a milliner's,
then told them what kind of work she had to do, and how many hours she
worked at a stretch, and how she meant to lie abed to-morrow morning
for a good long rest; to-morrow being a holiday she passed at home.
Also how she had seen a countess and a lord some days before, and how
the lord "was much about as tall as Peter"; at which Peter pulled up
his collars so high that you couldn't have seen his head if you had
been there. All this time the chestnuts and the jug went round and
round, and by and by they had a song, about a lost child traveling in
the snow, from Tiny Tim, who had a plaintive little voice, and sang it
very well indeed.

There was nothing of high mark in this. They were not a handsome
family; they were not well dressed; their shoes were far from being
waterproof; their clothes were scanty; and Peter might have known, and
very likely did, the inside of a pawnbroker's. But they were happy,
grateful, pleased with one another, and contented with the time; and
when they faded and looked happier yet in the bright sprinklings of the
Spirit's torch at parting, Scrooge had his eye upon them, and
especially on Tiny Tim, until the last.

By this time it was getting dark and snowing pretty heavily, and as
Scrooge and the Spirit went along the streets, the brightness of the
roaring fires in kitchens, parlors, and all sorts of rooms was
wonderful. Here the flickering of the blaze showed preparations for a
cozy dinner, with hot plates baking through and through before the
fire, and deep red curtains, ready to be drawn to shut out cold and
darkness. There all the children of the house were running out into the
snow to meet their married sisters, brothers, cousins, uncles, aunts,
and be the first to greet them. Here, again, were shadows on the
windowblind of guests assembling; and there a group of handsome girls,
all hooded and fur-booted, and all chattering at once, tripped lightly
off to some near neighbor's house, where, woe upon the single man who
saw them enter--artful witches, well they knew it--in a glow!

But if you had judged from the numbers of people on their way to
friendly gatherings, you might have thought that no one was at home to
give them welcome when they got there, instead of every house expecting
company, and piling up its fires half-chimney high. Blessings on it,
how the Ghost exulted. How it bared its breadth of breast, and opened
its capacious palm, and floated on, outpouring, with a generous hand,
its bright and harmless mirth on everything within its reach! The very
lamplighter, who ran on before, dotting the dusky street with specks of
light, and who was dressed to spend the evening somewhere, laughed out
loudly as the Spirit passed, though little kenned the lamplighter that
he had any company but Christmas!

And now, without a word of warning from the Ghost, they stood upon a
bleak and desert moor, where monstrous masses of rude stone were cast
about, as though it were the burial-place of giants, and water spread
itself wheresoever it listed, or would have done so, but for the frost
that held it prisoner; and nothing grew but moss and furze, and coarse,
rank grass. Down in the west the setting sun had left a streak of fiery
red, which glared upon the desolation for an instant like a sullen eye,
and frowning lower, lower, lower yet, was lost in the thick gloom of
darkest night.

"What place is this?" asked Scrooge.

"A place where miners live, who labor in the bowels of the earth,"
returned the Spirit. "But they know me. See!"

A light shone from the window of a hut, and swiftly they advanced
towards it. Passing through the wall of mud and stone, they found a
cheerful company assembled round a glowing fire. An old, old man and
woman, with their children and their children's children, and another
generation beyond that, all decked out gayly in their holiday attire.
The old man, in a voice that seldom rose above the howling of the wind
upon the barren waste, was singing them a Christmas song--it had been a
very old song when he was a boy--and from time to time they all joined
in the chorus. So surely as they raised their voices, the old man got
quite blithe and loud, and so surely as they stopped, his vigor sank
again.

The Spirit did not tarry here, but bade Scrooge hold his robe, and
passing on above the moor, sped--whither? Not to sea? To sea. To
Scrooge's horror, looking back, he saw the last of the land, a
frightful range of rocks behind them, and his ears were deafened by the
thundering of water, as it rolled and roared, and raged among the
dreadful caverns it had worn, and fiercely tried to undermine the
earth.

Built upon a dismal reef of sunken rocks, some league or so from shore,
on which the waters chafed and dashed, the wild year through, there
stood a solitary lighthouse. Great heaps of seaweed clung to its base,
and storm birds--born of the wind one might suppose, as seaweed of the
water--rose and fell about it, like the waves they skimmed.

But even here, two men who watched the light had made a fire, that
through the loophole in the thick stone wall shed out a ray of
brightness on the awful sea. Joining their horny hands over the rough
table at which they sat, they wished each other Merry Christmas in
their can of grog; and one of them--the elder, too, with his face all
damaged and scarred with hard weather, as the figurehead of an old ship
might be--struck up a sturdy song that was like a gale in itself.

Again the Ghost sped on, above the black and heaving sea--on,
on--until, being far away, as he told Scrooge, from any shore, they
lighted on a ship. They stood beside the helmsman at the wheel, the
lookout in the bow, the officers who had the watch--dark, ghostly
figures in their several stations; but every man among them hummed a
Christmas tune, or had a Christmas thought, or spoke below his breath
to his companion of some bygone Christmas Day, with homeward hopes
belonging to it. And every man on board, waking or sleeping, good or
bad, had had a kinder word for another on that day than on any day in
the year; and had shared to some extent in its festivities; and had
remembered those he cared for at a distance; and had known that they
delighted to remember him.

It was a great surprise to Scrooge, while listening to the moaning of
the wind, and thinking what a solemn thing it was to move on through
the lonely darkness over an unknown abyss, whose depths were secrets as
profound as death, it was a great surprise to Scrooge, while thus
engaged to hear a hearty laugh. It was a much greater surprise to
Scrooge to recognize it as his own nephew's and to find himself in a
bright, dry, gleaming room, with the Spirit standing smiling by his
side, and looking at that same nephew with approving affability!

"Ha, ha!" laughed Scrooge's nephew. "Ha, ha, ha!"

If you should happen, by any unlikely chance, to know a man more blest
in a laugh than Scrooge's nephew, all I can say is, I should like to
know him, too. Introduce him to me, and I'll cultivate his
acquaintance.

It is a fair, even-handed, noble adjustment of things, that while there
is infection in disease and sorrow, there is nothing in the world so
irresistibly contagious as laughter and good humor. When Scrooge's
nephew laughed in this way--holding his sides, rolling his head, and
twisting his face into the most extravagant contortions--Scrooge's
niece, by marriage, laughed as heartily as he, and their assembled
friends being not a bit behindhand, roared out lustily.

"Ha, ha! Ha, ha, ha, ha!"

"He said that Christmas was a humbug, as I live!" cried Scrooge's
nephew. "He believed it, too!"

"More shame for him, Fred!" said Scrooge's niece, indignantly. Bless
those women; they never do anything by halves, they are always in
earnest.

She was very pretty, exceedingly pretty. With a dimpled,
surprised-looking, capital face; a ripe little mouth that seemed made
to be kissed, as no doubt it was; all kinds of good little dots about
her chin that melted into one another when she laughed; and the
sunniest pair of eyes you ever saw in any little creature's head.
Altogether she was what you would have called provoking, you know; but
satisfactory, too. Oh, perfectly satisfactory.

"He's a comical old fellow," said Scrooge's nephew, "that's the truth,
and not so pleasant as he might be. However, his offenses carry their
own punishment, and I have nothing to say against him."

"I'm sure he is very rich, Fred," hinted Scrooge's niece. "At least you
always tell _me_ so."

"What of that, my dear!" said Scrooge's nephew. "His wealth is of no
use to him. He don't do any good with it. He don't make himself
comfortable with it. He hasn't the satisfaction of thinking--ha, ha,
ha!--that he is ever going to benefit us with it."

"I have no patience with him," observed Scrooge's niece. Scrooge's
niece's sisters and all the other ladies, expressed the same opinion.

"Oh, I have!" said Scrooge's nephew. "I am sorry for him; I couldn't be
angry with him if I tried. Who suffers by his ill whims! Himself,
always. Here, he takes it into his head to dislike us, and he won't
come and dine with us. What's the consequence? He don't lose much of a
dinner."

"Indeed, I think he loses a very good dinner," interrupted Scrooge's
niece. Everybody else said the same, and they must be allowed to have
been competent judges, because they had just had dinner, and with the
dessert upon the table, were clustered round the fire, by lamplight.

"Well, I'm very glad to hear it," said Scrooge's nephew, "because I
haven't great faith in these young housekeepers. What do _you_ say,
Topper?"

Topper had clearly got his eye upon one of Scrooge's niece's sisters,
for he answered that a bachelor was a wretched outcast, who had no
right to express an opinion on the subject. Whereas Scrooge's niece's
sister--the plump one with the lace tucker; not the one with the
roses--blushed.

"Do go on, Fred," said Scrooge's niece, clapping her hands. "He never
finishes what he begins to say; he is such a ridiculous fellow!"

Scrooge's nephew reveled in another laugh, and as it was impossible to
keep the infection off--though the plump sister tried hard to do it
with aromatic vinegar--his example was unanimously followed.

"I was only going to say," said Scrooge's nephew, "that the consequence
of his taking a dislike to us, and not making merry with us, is, as I
think, that he loses some pleasant moments which could do him no harm.
I am sure he loses pleasanter companions than he can find in his own
thoughts, either in his moldy old office or his dusty chambers. I mean
to give him the same chance every year, whether he likes it or not, for
I pity him. He may rail at Christmas till he dies, but he can't help
thinking better of it--I defy him--if he finds me going there, in good
temper, year after year, and saying, Uncle Scrooge, how are you? If it
only puts him in the vein to leave his poor clerk fifty pounds,
_that's_ something, and I think I shook him yesterday."

It was their turn to laugh now, at the notion of his shaking Scrooge.
But being thoroughly good-natured, and not much caring what they
laughed at so that they laughed at any rate, he encouraged them in
their merriment and passed the bottle joyously.

After tea, they had some music, for they were a musical family, and
knew what they were about, when they sung a Glee or Catch, I can assure
you, especially Topper, who could growl away in the bass like a good
one, and never swell the large veins in his forehead, or get red in the
face over it. Scrooge's niece played well upon the harp, and played
among other tunes a simple little air (a mere nothing--you might learn
to whistle it in two minutes), which had been familiar to the child who
fetched Scrooge from the boarding-school, as he had been reminded by
the Ghost of Christmas Past. When the strain of music sounded, all the
things that Ghost had shown him came upon his mind, he softened more
and more, and thought that if he could have listened to it often years
ago, he might have cultivated the kindness of life for his own
happiness with his own hands, without resorting to the sexton's spade
that buried Jacob Marley.

But they didn't devote the whole evening to music. After a while they
played at forfeits, for it is good to be children sometimes, and never
better than at Christmas, when its mighty Founder was a child himself.
Stop! There was first a game at blind-man's buff. Of course there was.
And I no more believe that Topper was really blind than I believe he
had eyes in his boots. My opinion is that it was a done thing between
him and Scrooge's nephew, and that the Ghost of Christmas Present knew
it. The way he went after that plump sister in the lace tucker was an
outrage on the credulity of human nature. Knocking down the fire-irons,
tumbling over the chairs, bumping against the piano, smothering himself
among the curtains, wherever she went, there went he! He always knew
where the plump sister was. He wouldn't catch anybody else. If you had
fallen up against him (as some of them did on purpose), he would have
made a feint of endeavoring to seize you, which would have been an
affront to your understanding, and would instantly have sidled off in
the direction of the plump sister. She often cried out that it wasn't
fair, and it really was not. But when at last he caught her; when, in
spite of all her silken rustlings, and her rapid flutterings past him,
he got her into a corner whence there was no escape; then his conduct
was the most execrable. For his pretending not to know her, his
pretending that it was necessary to touch her head-dress, and further
to assure himself of her identity by pressing a certain ring upon her
finger, and a certain chain about her neck, was vile, monstrous! No
doubt she told him her opinion of it, when, another blind man being in
office, they were so very confidential together behind the curtains.

Scrooge's niece was not one of the blind-man's buff party, but was made
comfortable with a large chair and a footstool, in a snug corner, where
the Ghost and Scrooge were close behind her. But she joined in the
forfeits and loved her love to admiration with all the letters of the
alphabet. Likewise at the game of How, When, and Where, she was very
great, and to the secret joy of Scrooge's nephew, beat her sisters
hollow, though they were sharp girls, too, as Topper could have told
you. There might have been twenty people there, young and old, but they
all played, and so did Scrooge, for wholly forgetting, in the interest
he had in what was going on, that his voice made no sound in their
ears, he sometimes came out with his guess quite loud, and very often
guessed quite right, too; for the sharpest needle, best Whitechapel,
warranted not to cut in the eye, was not sharper than Scrooge; blunt as
he took it in his head to be.

The Ghost was greatly pleased to find him in this mood, and looked upon
him with such favor that he begged like a boy to be allowed to stay
until the guests departed. But this the Spirit said could not be done.

"Here is a new game," said Scrooge. "One half-hour, Spirit, only one!"

It was a game called Yes and No, where Scrooge's nephew had to think of
something, and the rest must find out what; he only answering to their
questions yes or no, as the case was. The brisk fire of questioning to
which he was exposed elicited from him that he was thinking of an
animal, a live animal, rather a disagreeable animal, a savage animal,
an animal that growled and grunted sometimes, and talked sometimes, and
lived in London, and walked about the streets, and wasn't made a show
of, and wasn't led by anybody, and didn't live in a menagerie, and was
never killed in a market, and was not a horse, or an ass, or a cow, or
a bull, or a tiger, or a dog, or a pig, or a cat, or a bear. At every
fresh question that was put to him, this nephew burst into a fresh roar
of laughter, and was so inexpressibly tickled that he was obliged to
get up off the sofa and stamp. At last the plump sister, falling into a
similar state, cried out, "I have found it out! I know what it is,
Fred! I know what it is!"

"What is it?" cried Fred.

"It's your Uncle Scro-o-o-o-oge!"

Which it certainly was. Admiration was the universal sentiment, though
some objected that the reply to "Is it a bear?" ought to have been
"Yes," inasmuch as an answer in the negative was sufficient to have
diverted their thoughts from Mr. Scrooge, supposing they had ever had
any tendency that way.

"He has given us plenty of merriment, I am sure," said Fred, "and it
would be ungrateful not to drink his health. Here is a glass of mulled
wine ready to our hand at the moment; and I say, 'Uncle Scrooge!'"

"Well! Uncle Scrooge!" they cried.

"A Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year to the old man, whatever he
is!" said Scrooge's nephew. "He wouldn't take it from me, but may he
have it, nevertheless. Uncle Scrooge!"

Uncle Scrooge had imperceptibly become so gay and light of heart that
he would have pledged the unconscious company in return, and thanked
them in an inaudible speech if the Ghost had given him time. But the
whole scene passed off in the breath of the last word spoken by his
nephew, and he and the Spirit were again upon their travels.

Much they saw, and far they went, and many homes they visited, but
always with a happy end. The Spirit stood beside sick beds, and they
were cheerful; on foreign lands, and they were close at home; by
struggling men, and they were patient in their greater hope; by
poverty, and it was rich. In almshouse, hospital, and jail, in misery's
every refuge, where vain man in his little brief authority had not made
fast the door and barred the Spirit out, he left his blessing and
taught Scrooge his precepts.

It was a long night, if it were only a night; but Scrooge had his
doubts of this, because the Christmas holidays appeared to be condensed
into the space of time they passed together. It was strange, too, that
while Scrooge remained unaltered in his outward form, the Ghost grew
older, clearly older. Scrooge had observed this change, but never spoke
of it until they left a children's Twelfth-Night party, when, looking
at the Spirit as they stood together in an open place, he noticed that
its hair was gray.

"Are spirits' lives so short?" asked Scrooge.

"My life upon this globe is very brief," replied the Ghost. "It ends
to-night."

"To-night!" cried Scrooge.

"To-night at midnight. Hark! The time is drawing near."

The chimes were ringing the three-quarters past eleven at that moment.

"Forgive me if I am not justified in what I ask," said Scrooge, looking
intently at the Spirit's robe, "but I see something strange, and not
belonging to yourself, protruding from your skirts. Is it a foot or a
claw?"

"It might be a claw, for the flesh there is upon it," was the Spirit's
sorrowful reply. "Look here."

From the foldings of its robe it brought two children, wretched,
abject, frightful, hideous, miserable. They knelt down at its feet, and
clung upon the outside of its garment.

"Oh, man! look here. Look, look down here!" exclaimed the Ghost.

They were a boy and girl. Yellow, meager, ragged, scowling, wolfish,
but prostrate, too, in their humility. Where graceful youth should have
filled their features out and touched them with its freshest tints, a
stale and shriveled hand, like that of age, had pinched and twisted
them, and pulled them into shreds. Where angels might have sat
enthroned, devils lurked and glared out menacing. No change, no
degradation, no perversion of humanity in any grade, through all the
mysteries of wonderful creation, has monsters half so horrible and
dread.

Scrooge started back, appalled. Having them shown to him in this way,
he tried to say they were fine children, but the words choked
themselves rather than be parties to a lie of such enormous magnitude.

"Spirit, are they yours?" Scrooge could say no more.

"They are man's," said the Spirit, looking down upon them, "and they
cling to me, appealing from their fathers. This boy is Ignorance. This
girl is Want. Beware them both, and all of their degree, but most of
all beware this boy, for on his brow I see that written which is Doom,
unless the writing be erased. Deny it!" cried the Spirit, stretching
out its hand towards the city. "Slander those who tell it ye! Admit it
for your factious purposes, and make it worse. And abide the end!"

"Have they no refuge or resource?" cried Scrooge.

"Are there no prisons?" said the Spirit, turning on him for the last
time with his own words. "Are there no workhouses?"

The bell struck twelve.

Scrooge looked about him for the Ghost, and saw it not. As the last
stroke ceased to vibrate, he remembered the prediction of old Jacob
Marley, and lifting up his eyes, beheld a solemn Phantom, draped and
hooded, coming like a mist along the ground towards him.


STAVE FOUR.

THE LAST OF THE SPIRITS.

The Phantom slowly, gravely, silently approached. When it came near
him, Scrooge bent down upon his knee; for in the very air through which
this Spirit moved it seemed to scatter gloom and mystery.

It was shrouded in a deep, black garment, which concealed its head, its
face, its form, and left nothing of it visible save one outstretched
hand. But for this it would have been difficult to detach its figure
from the night, and separate it from the darkness by which it was
surrounded.

He felt that it was tall and stately when it came beside him, and that
its mysterious presence filled him with a solemn dread. He knew no
more, for the Spirit neither spoke nor moved.

"I am in the presence of the Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come?" said
Scrooge.

The Spirit answered not, but pointed onward with its hand.

"You are about to show me shadows of the things that have not happened,
but will happen in the time before us," Scrooge pursued. "Is that so,
Spirit?"

The upper portion of the garment was contracted for an instant in its
folds, as if the Spirit had inclined its head. That was the only answer
he received.

Although well used to ghostly company by this time, Scrooge feared the
silent shape so much that his legs trembled beneath him, and he found
that he could hardly stand when he prepared to follow it. The Spirit
paused a moment, as observing his condition, and giving him time to
recover.

But Scrooge was all the worse for this. It thrilled him with a vague
uncertain horror to know that behind the dusky shroud there were
ghostly eyes intently fixed upon him, while he, though he stretched his
own to the utmost, could see nothing but a spectral hand and one great
heap of black.

"Ghost of the Future!" he exclaimed, "I fear you more than any specter
I have seen. But as I know your purpose is to do me good, and as I hope
to live to be another man from what I was, I am prepared to bear you
company, and do it with a thankful heart. Will you not speak to me?"

It gave him no reply. The hand was pointed straight before them.

"Lead on!" said Scrooge. "Lead on! The night is waning fast, and it is
precious time to me, I know. Lead on, Spirit!"

The Phantom moved away as it had come towards him. Scrooge followed in
the shadow of its dress, which bore him up, he thought, and carried him
along.

They scarcely seemed to enter the city, for the city rather seemed to
spring up about them and encompass them of its own act. But there they
were in the heart of it, on 'Change, amongst the merchants, who hurried
up and down, and chinked the money in their pockets, and conversed in
groups, and looked at their watches, and trifled thoughtfully with
their great gold seals, and so forth, as Scrooge had seen them often.

The Spirit stopped beside one little knot of business men. Observing
that the hand was pointed to them, Scrooge advanced to listen to their
talk.

"No," said a great fat man with a monstrous chin, "I don't know much
about it, either way. I only know he's dead."

"When did he die?" inquired another.

"Last night, I believe."

"Why, what was the matter with him?" asked a third, taking a vast
quantity of snuff out of a very large snuff-box. "I thought he'd never
die."

"God knows," said the first, with a yawn.

"What has he done with his money?" asked a red-faced gentleman with a
pendulous excrescence on the end of his nose, that shook like the gills
of a turkey-cock.

"I haven't heard," said the man with the large chin, yawning again.
"Left it to his company, perhaps. He hasn't left it to _me_.
That's all I know."

This pleasantry was received with a general laugh.

"It's likely to be a very cheap funeral," said the same speaker; "for
upon my life I don't know of anybody to go to it. Suppose we make up a
party and volunteer?"

"I don't mind going if a lunch is provided," observed the gentleman
with the excrescence on his nose. "But I must be fed, if I make one."

Another laugh.

"Well, I am the most disinterested among you, after all," said the
first speaker, "for I never wear black gloves, and I never eat lunch.
But I'll offer to go, if anybody else will. When I come to think of it,
I'm not at all sure that I wasn't his most particular friend, for we
used to stop and speak whenever we met. By-by!"

Speakers and listeners strolled away and mixed with other groups.
Scrooge knew the men, and looked towards the Spirit for an explanation.

The Phantom glided on into a street. Its finger pointed to two persons
meeting. Scrooge listened again, thinking that the explanation might
lie here.

He knew these men, also, perfectly. They were men of business, very
wealthy, and of great importance. He had made a point always of
standing well in their esteem, in a business point of view; that is,
strictly in a business point of view.

"How are you?" said one.

"How are you?" returned the other.

"Well!" said the first. "Old Scratch has got his own at last, hey?"

"So I am told," returned the second. "Cold, isn't it?"

"Seasonable for Christmas time. You're not a skater, I suppose?"

"No, no. Something else to think of. Good morning!"

Not another word. That was their meeting, their conversation, and their
parting.

Scrooge was at first inclined to be surprised that the Spirit should
attach importance to conversations apparently so trivial, but feeling
assured that they must have some hidden purpose, he set himself to
consider what it was likely to be. They could scarcely be supposed to
have any bearing on the death of Jacob, his old partner, for that was
Past, and this Ghost's province was the Future. Nor could he think of
any one immediately connected with himself to whom he could apply them.
But nothing doubting that to whomsoever they applied they had some
latent moral for his own improvement, he resolved to treasure up every
word he heard and everything he saw, and especially to observe the
shadow of himself when it appeared. For he had an expectation that the
conduct of his future self would give him the clue he missed, and would
render the solution of these riddles easy.

He looked about in that very place for his own image, but another man
stood in his accustomed corner, and though the clock pointed to his
usual time of day for being there, he saw no likeness of himself among
the multitudes that poured in through the porch. It gave him little
surprise, however, for he had been revolving in his mind a change of
life, and thought and hoped he saw his new-born resolutions carried out
in this.

Quiet and dark beside him stood the Phantom, with its outstretched
hand. When he roused himself from his thoughtful quest, he fancied from
the turn of the hand, and its situation in reference to himself, that
the unseen eyes were looking at him keenly. It made him shudder and
feel very cold.

They left the busy scene and went into an obscure part of the town
where Scrooge had never penetrated before, although he recognized its
situation and its bad repute. The ways were foul and narrow, the shops
and houses wretched, the people half-naked, drunken, slipshod, ugly.
Alleys and archways, like so many cesspools, disgorged their offenses
of smell, and dirt, and life upon the straggling streets, and the whole
quarter reeked with crime, with filth, and misery.

Far in this den of infamous resort there was a low-browed, beetling
shop below a pent-house roof, where iron, old rags, bottles, bones, and
greasy offal, were bought. Upon the floor within were piled up heaps of
rusty keys, nails, chains, hinges, files, scales, weights, and refuse
iron of all kinds. Secrets that few would like to scrutinize were bred
and hidden in mountains of unseemly rags, masses of corrupted fat, and
sepulchers of bones. Sitting in among the wares he dealt in, by a
charcoal stove made of old bricks, was a gray-haired rascal, nearly
seventy years of age, who had screened himself from the cold air
without by a frowsy curtaining of miscellaneous tatters hung upon a
line, and smoked his pipe in all the luxury of calm retirement.

Scrooge and the Phantom came into the presence of this man just as a
woman with a heavy bundle slunk into the shop. But she had scarcely
entered when another woman, similarly laden, came in too, and she was
closely followed by a man in faded black, who was no less startled by
the sight of them than they had been upon the recognition of each
other. After a short period of blank astonishment, in which the old man
with the pipe had joined them, they all three burst into a laugh.

"Let the charwoman alone to be the first!" cried she who had entered
first. "Let the laundress alone to be the second, and let the
under-taker's man alone to be the third. Look here, old Joe, here's a
chance! If we haven't all three met here without meaning it!"

"You couldn't have met in a better place," said old Joe, removing his
pipe from his mouth. "Come into the parlor. You were made free of it
long ago, you know, and the other two an't strangers. Stop till I shut
the door of the shop. Ah! How it skreeks! There an't such a rusty bit
of metal in the place as its own hinges, I believe, and I'm sure
there's no such old bones here as mine. Ha, ha! We're all suitable to
our calling, we're well matched. Come into the parlor. Come into the
parlor."

The parlor was the space behind the screen of rags. The old man raked
the fire together with an old stair-rod, and having trimmed his smoky
lamp (for it was night) with the stem of his pipe, put it in his mouth
again.

While he did this, the woman who had already spoken threw her bundle on
the floor and sat down in a flaunting manner on a stool, crossing her
elbows on her knees, and looking with a bold defiance at the other two.

"What odds then! What odds, Mrs. Dilber?" said the woman. "Every person
has a right to take care of themselves. _He_ always did."

"That's true, indeed!" said the laundress. "No man more so."

"Why, then, don't stand staring as if you was afraid, woman; who's the
wiser? We're not going to pick holes in each other's coats, I suppose?"

"No, indeed!" said Mrs. Dilber and the man together. "We should hope
not."

"Very well, then!" cried the woman. "That's enough. Who's the worse for
the loss of a few things like these? Not a dead man, I suppose."

"No, indeed," said Mrs. Dilber, laughing.

"If he wanted to keep 'em after he was dead, a wicked old screw,"
pursued the woman, "why wasn't he natural in his lifetime? If he had
been, he'd have had somebody to look after him when he was struck with
death, instead of lying gasping out his last there, alone, by himself."

"It's the truest word that ever was spoke," said Mrs. Dilber. "It's a
judgment on him."

"I wish it was a little heavier judgment," replied the woman, "and it
should have been, you depend upon it, if I could have laid my hands on
anything else. Open that bundle, old Joe, and let me know the value of
it. Speak out plain. I'm not afraid to be the first nor afraid for them
to see it. We knew pretty well that we were helping ourselves before we
met here, I believe. It's no sin. Open the bundle, Joe."

But the gallantry of her friends would not allow of this, and the man
in faded black, mounting the breach first, produced _his_ plunder.
It was not extensive. A seal or two, a pencil-case, a pair of
sleeve-buttons, and a brooch of no great value, were all. They were
severally examined and appraised by old Joe, who chalked the sums he
was disposed to give for each upon the wall, and added them up into a
total when he found there was nothing more to come.

"That's your account," said Joe, "and I wouldn't give another sixpence
if I was to be boiled for not doing it. Who's next?"

Mrs. Dilber was next. Sheets and towels, a little wearing apparel, two
old-fashioned silver teaspoons, a pair of sugar-tongs, a few boots. Her
account was stated on the wall in the same manner.

"I always give too much to ladies. It's a weakness of mine, and that's
the way I ruin myself," said old Joe. "That's your account. If you
asked me for another penny and made it an open question, I'd repent of
being so liberal and knock off half-a-crown."

"And now undo _my_ bundle, Joe," said the first woman.

Joe went down on his knees for the greater convenience of opening it,
and having unfastened a great many knots, dragged out a large and heavy
roll of some dark stuff.

"What do you call this?" said Joe. "Bed-curtains!"

"Ah," returned the woman, laughing and leaning forward on her crossed
arms, "bed-curtains!"

"You don't mean to say you took 'em down, rings an all, with him lying
there?" said Joe.

"Yes I do," replied the woman. "Why not?"

"You were born to make your fortune," said Joe, "and you'll certainly
do it."

"I certainly sha'n't hold my hand, when I can get anything in it by
reaching it out, for the sake of such a man as he was, I promise you,
Joe," returned the woman, coolly. "Don't drop that oil upon the
blankets, now."

"His blankets?" asked Joe.

"Whose else's do you think?" replied the woman. "He isn't likely to
take cold without 'em, I dare say."

"I hope he didn't die of anything catching? Eh?" said old Joe, stopping
in his work and looking up.

"Don't you be afraid of that," returned the woman. "I an't so fond of
his company that I'd loiter about him for such things if he did. Ah!
you may look through that shirt till your eyes ache, but you won't find
a hole in it, nor a threadbare place. It's the best he had, and a fine
one, too. They'd have wasted it, if it hadn't been for me."

"What do you call wasting of it?" asked old Joe.

"Putting it on him to be buried in, to be sure," replied the woman,
with a laugh. "Somebody was fool enough to do it, but I took it off
again. If calico an't good enough for such a purpose, it isn't good
enough for anything. It's quite as unbecoming to the body. He can't
look uglier than he did in that one."

Scrooge listened to this dialogue in horror. As they sat grouped about
their spoil in the scanty light afforded by the old man's lamp, he
viewed them with a detestation and disgust which could hardly have been
greater, though they had been obscene demons, marketing the corpse
itself.

"Ha, ha!" laughed the same woman, when old Joe, producing a flannel bag
with money in it, told out their several gains upon the ground. "This
is the end of it, you see! He frightened every one away from him when
he was alive, to profit us when he was dead! Ha, ha, ha!"

"Spirit!" said Scrooge, shuddering from head to foot. "I see, I see.
The case of this unhappy man might be my own. My life tends that way
now. Merciful heaven, what is this!"

He recoiled in terror, for the scene had changed, and now he almost
touched a bed--a bare, uncurtained bed--on which, beneath a ragged
sheet there lay a something covered up, which, though it was dumb,
announced itself in awful language.

The room was very dark, too dark to be observed with any accuracy,
though Scrooge glanced round it, in obedience to a secret impulse,
anxious to know what kind of room it was. A pale light rising in the
outer air, fell straight upon the bed, and on it, plundered and bereft,
unwatched, unwept, uncared for, was the body of this man.

Scrooge glanced toward the Phantom. Its steady hand was pointed to the
head. The cover was so carelessly adjusted that the slightest raising
of it, the motion of a finger upon Scrooge's part, would have disclosed
the face. He thought of it, felt how easy it would be to do, and longed
to do it, but had no more power to withdraw the veil than to dismiss
the specter at his side.

Oh cold, cold, rigid, dreadful Death, set up thine altar here, and
dress it with such terrors as thou hast at thy command, for this is thy
dominion! But of the loved, revered, and honored head, thou canst not
turn one hair to thy dread purposes, or make one feature odious. It is
not that the hand is heavy and will fall down when released, it is not
that the heart and pulse are still, but that the hand was open,
generous, and true; the heart brave, warm, and tender; and the pulse a
man's. Strike, Shadow, strike! And see his good deeds springing from
the wound, to sow the world with life immortal!

No voice pronounced these words in Scrooge's ears, and yet he heard
them when he looked upon the bed. He thought if this man could be
raised up now, what would be his foremost thoughts? Avarice,
hard-dealing, griping cares? They have brought him to a rich end,
truly!

He lay in the dark, empty house with not a man, a woman, or a child to
say that he was kind to me in this or that, and for the memory of one
kind word I will be kind to him. A cat was tearing at the door, and
there was a sound of gnawing rats beneath the hearthstone. What
_they_ wanted in the room of death, and why they were so restless
and disturbed, Scrooge did not dare to think.

"Spirit," he said, "this is a fearful place. In leaving it, I shall not
leave its lesson, trust me. Let us go!"

Still the Ghost pointed with an unmoved finger to the head.

"I understand you," Scrooge returned, "and I would do it, if I could.
But I have not the power, Spirit. I have not the power."

Again it seemed to look upon him.

"If there is any person in the town who feels emotion caused by this
man's death," said Scrooge quite agonized, "show that person to me,
Spirit, I beseech you!"

The Phantom spread its dark robe before him for a moment like a wing,
and withdrawing it, revealed a room by daylight, where a mother and her
children were.

She was expecting some one, and with anxious eagerness, for she walked
up and down the room, started at every sound, looked out from the
window, glanced at the clock, tried but in vain to work with her
needle, and could hardly bear the voices of the children in their play.

At length the long-expected knock was heard. She hurried to the door
and met her husband, a man whose face was careworn and depressed,
though he was young. There was a remarkable expression in it now, a
kind of serious delight, of which he felt ashamed and which he
struggled to repress.

He sat down to the dinner that had been hoarding for him by the fire,
and when she asked him faintly what news (which was not until after a
long silence), he appeared embarrassed how to answer.

"Is it good," she said, "or bad?"--to help him.

"Bad," he answered.

"We are quite ruined?"

"No; there is hope yet, Caroline."

"If _he_ relents," she said, amazed, "there is! Nothing is past hope,
if such a miracle has happened."

"He is past relenting," said her husband. "He is dead."

She was a mild and patient creature, if her face spoke truth, but she
was thankful in her soul to hear it, and she said so, with clasped
hands. She prayed forgiveness the next moment, and was sorry, but the
first was the emotion of her heart.

"What the half-drunken woman whom I told you of last night said to me
when I tried to see him and obtain a week's delay, and what I thought
was a mere excuse to avoid me, turns out to have been quite true. He
was not only very ill, but dying then."

"To whom will our debt be transferred?"

"I don't know. But before that time we shall be ready with the money,
and even though we were not, it would be a bad fortune indeed to find
so merciless a creditor in his successor. We may sleep to-night with
light hearts, Caroline!"

Yes; soften it as they would, their hearts were lighter. The children's
faces, hushed and clustered round to hear what they so little
understood, were brighter, and it was a happier house for this man's
death! The only emotion that the Ghost could show him, caused by the
event, was one of pleasure.

"Let me see some tenderness connected with a death," said Scrooge; "or
that dark chamber, Spirit, which we left just now will be forever
present to me."

The Ghost conducted him through several streets familiar to his feet,
and as they went along, Scrooge looked here and there to find himself,
but nowhere was he to be seen. They entered poor Bob Cratchit's house,
the dwelling he had visited before, and found the mother and children
seated round the fire.

Quiet; very quiet. The noisy little Cratchits were as still as statues
in one corner, and sat looking up at Peter, who had a book before him;
the mother and her daughters were engaged in sewing. But surely they
were very quiet!

"'And He took a child, and set him in the midst of them.'"

Where had Scrooge heard those words? He had not dreamed them. The boy
must have read them out, as he and the Spirit crossed the threshold.
Why did he not go on?

The mother laid her work upon the table, and put her hand up to her
face.

"The color hurts my eyes," she said.

The color? Ah, poor Tiny Tim!

"They're better now again," said Cratchit's wife. "It makes them weak
by candlelight, and I wouldn't show weak eyes to your father when he
comes home for the world. It must be near his time."

"Past it rather," Peter answered, shutting up his book. "But I think he
has walked a little slower than he used, these few last evenings,
mother."

They were very quiet again. At last she said, and in a steady, cheerful
voice, that only faltered once, "I have known him walk with--I have
known him walk with Tiny Tim upon his shoulder, very fast indeed."

"And so have I!" cried Peter; "often."

"And so have I!" exclaimed another. So had all.

"But he was very light to carry," she resumed, intent upon her work,
"and his father loved him so that it was no trouble; no trouble. And
there is your father at the door!"

She hurried out to meet him, and little Bob in his comforter--he had
need of it, poor fellow--came in. His tea was ready for him on the hob,
and they all tried who should help him to it most. Then the two young
Cratchits got up on his knees and laid each child a little cheek
against his face, as if they said, "Don't mind it, father; don't be
grieved!"

Bob was very cheerful with them, and spoke pleasantly to all the
family. He looked at the work upon the table, and praised the industry
and speed of Mrs. Cratchit and the girls. They would be done long
before Sunday he said.

"Sunday! You went to-day, then, Robert?" said his wife.

"Yes, my dear," returned Bob. "I wish you could have gone. It would
have done you good to see how green a place it is. But you'll see it
often. I promised him that I would walk there on a Sunday. My little,
little child!" cried Bob. "My little child!"

He broke down all at once. He couldn't help it. If he could have helped
it he and his child would have been farther apart perhaps than they
were.

He left the room and went upstairs into the room above, which was
lighted cheerfully, and hung with Christmas. There was a chair set
loose beside the child and there were signs of some one having been
there lately. Poor Bob sat down in it, and when he had thought a little
and composed himself, he kissed the little face. He was reconciled to
what had happened, and went down again quite happy.

They drew about the fire and talked; the girls and mother working
still. Bob told them of the extraordinary kindness of Mr. Scrooge's
nephew, whom he had scarcely seen but once, and who, meeting him in the
street that day, and seeing that he looked a little--"just a little
down you know," said Bob, inquired what had happened to distress him.
"On which," said Bob, "for he is the pleasantest-spoken gentleman you
ever heard, I told him. 'I am heartily sorry for it, Mr. Cratchit,' he
said, 'and heartily sorry for your good wife.' By the by, how he ever
knew _that_, I don't know."

"Knew what, my dear?"

"Why, that you were a good wife," replied Bob.

"Everybody knows that!" said Peter.

"Very well observed, my boy!" cried Bob. "I hope they do. 'Heartily
sorry,' he said, 'for your good wife. If I can be of service to you in
any way,' he said, giving me his card, 'that's where I live. Pray come
to me.' Now, it wasn't," cried Bob, "for the sake of anything he might
be able to do for us, so much as for his kind way, that this was quite
delightful. It really seemed as if he had known our Tiny Tim, and felt
with us."

"I'm sure he's a good soul!" said Mrs. Cratchit.

"You would be surer of it, my dear," returned Bob, "if you saw and
spoke to him. I shouldn't be at all surprised--mark what I say!--if he
got Peter a better situation."

"Only hear that, Peter," said Mrs. Cratchit.

"And then," cried one of the girls, "Peter will be keeping company with
some one, and setting up for himself."

"Get along with you!" retorted Peter, grinning.

"It's just likely as not," said Bob, "one of these days; though there's
plenty of time for that, my dear. But, however and whenever we part
from one another, I am sure we shall none of us forget poor Tiny
Tim--shall we--or this first parting that there was among us?"

"Never, father!" cried they all.

"And I know," said Bob, "I know, my dears, that when we recollect how
patient and how mild he was, although he was a little, little child, we
shall not quarrel easily among ourselves and forget poor Tiny Tim in
doing it."

"No, never, father!" they all cried again.

"I am very happy," said little Bob; "I am very happy!"

Mrs. Cratchit kissed him, his daughters kissed him, the two young
Cratchits kissed him, and Peter and himself shook hands. Spirit of Tiny
Tim, thy childish essence was from God.

"Specter," said Scrooge, "something informs me that our parting moment
is at hand. I know it, but I know not how. Tell me what man that was
whom we saw lying dead?"

The Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come conveyed him, as before--though at a
different time, he thought, indeed, there seemed no order in these
latter visions, save that they were in the future--into the resorts of
business men, but showed him not himself. Indeed, the Spirit did not
stay for anything, but went straight on, as to the end just now
desired, until besought by Scrooge to tarry for a moment.

"This court," said Scrooge, "through which we hurry now, is where my
place of occupation is, and has been for a length of time. I see the
house. Let me behold what I shall be in days to come!"

The Spirit stopped, the hand was pointed elsewhere.

"The house is yonder," Scrooge exclaimed. "Why do you point away?"

The inexorable finger underwent no change.

Scrooge hastened to the window of his office and looked in. It was an
office still, but not his. The furniture was not the same, and the
figure in the chair was not himself. The Phantom pointed as before.

He joined it once again, and wondering why and whither he had gone,
accompanied it until they reached an iron gate. He paused to look round
before entering.

A churchyard. Here, then, the wretched man whose name he had now to
learn lay underneath the ground. It was a worthy place: walled in by
houses; overrun by grass and weeds, the growth of vegetation's death,
not life; choked up with too much burying; fat with replete appetite. A
worthy place!

The Spirit stood among the graves, and pointed down to one. He advanced
towards it, trembling. The Phantom was exactly as it had been, but he
dreaded that he saw new meaning in its solemn shape.

"Before I draw nearer to that stone to which you point," said Scrooge,
"answer me one question. Are these the shadows of the things that will
be, or are they shadows of things that may be only?"

Still the Ghost pointed downward to the grave by which it stood.

"Men's courses will foreshadow certain ends, to which, if persevered
in, they must lead," said Scrooge; "but if the course be departed from,
the ends will change. Say it is thus with what you show me!"

The Spirit was immovable as ever.

Scrooge crept towards it, trembling as he went, and following the
finger, read upon the stone of the neglected grave his own name,
EBENEZER SCROOGE.

"Am _I_ that man who lay upon the bed?" he cried, upon his knees.

The finger pointed from the grave to him, and back again.

"No, Spirit! Oh, no, no!"

The finger still was there.

"Spirit!" he cried, tight clutching at its robe, "hear me! I am not the
man I was. I will not be the man I must have been but for this
intercourse. Why show me this, if I am past all hope!"

For the first time the hand appeared to shake.

"Good Spirit," he pursued, as down upon the ground he fell before it,
"your nature intercedes for me, and pities me. Assure me that I yet may
change these shadows you have shown me, by an altered life!"

The kind hand trembled.

"I will honor Christmas in my heart, and try to keep it all the year. I
will live in the Past, the Present, and the Future. The Spirits of all
three shall strive within me. I will not shut out the lessons that they
teach. Oh, tell me I may sponge away the writing on this stone!"

In his agony he caught the spectral hand. It sought to free itself, but
he was strong in his entreaty, and detained it. The Spirit, stronger
yet, repulsed him.

Holding up his hands in a last prayer to have his fate reversed, he saw
an alteration in the Phantom's hood and dress. It shrunk, collapsed,
and dwindled down into a bedpost.


STAVE FIVE.

THE END OF IT.

Yes, and the bedpost was his own. The bed was his own. The room was his
own. Best and happiest of all, the time before him was his own, to make
amends in!

"I will live in the Past, the Present, and the Future!" Scrooge
repeated, as he scrambled out of bed. "The spirits of all three shall
strive within me. Oh, Jacob Marley! Heaven and the Christmas time be
praised for this! I say it on my knees, old Jacob, on my knees!"

He was so fluttered and so glowing with his good intentions that his
broken voice would scarcely answer to his call. He had been sobbing
violently in his conflict with the Spirit, and his face was wet with
tears.

"They are not torn down," cried Scrooge, folding one of his
bed-curtains in his arms, "they are not torn down, rings and all. They
are here--I am here--the shadows of the things that would have been may
be dispelled. They will be! I know they will!"

His hands were busy with his garments all this time, turning them
inside out, putting them on upside down, tearing them, mislaying them,
making them parties to every kind of extravagance.

"I don't know what to do!" cried Scrooge, laughing and crying in the
same breath, and making a perfect Laocoön of himself with his
stockings. "I am as light as a feather, I am as happy as an angel, I am
as merry as a school-boy. I am as giddy as a drunken man. A Merry
Christmas to everybody! A Happy New Year to all the world. Hallo here!
Whoop! Hallo!"

He had frisked into the sitting-room, and was now standing there,
perfectly winded.

"There's the saucepan that the gruel was in!" cried Scrooge, starting
off again, and going round the fireplace. "There's the door by which
the Ghost of Jacob Marley entered! There's the corner where the Ghost
of Christmas Present sat! There's the window where I saw the wandering
Spirits! It's all right, it's all true, it all happened. Ha, ha, ha!"

Really, for a man who had been out of practice for so many years, it
was a splendid laugh, a most illustrious laugh. The father of a long,
long line of brilliant laughs!

"I don't know what day of the month it is!" said Scrooge. "I don't know
how long I've been among the spirits. I don't know anything. I'm quite
a baby. Never mind. I don't care. I'd rather be a baby. Hallo! Whoop!
Hallo here!"

He was checked in his transports by the churches ringing out the
lustiest peals he had ever heard. Clash, clang, hammer; ding, dong,
bell. Bell, dong, ding; hammer, clang, clash! Oh, glorious, glorious!

Running to the window, he opened it and put out his head. No fog, no
mist; clear, bright, jovial, stirring, cold; cold, piping for the blood
to dance to--golden sunlight; heavenly sky; sweet fresh air; merry
bells. Oh, glorious! Glorious!

"What's to-day?" cried Scrooge, calling downward to a boy in Sunday
clothes, who perhaps had loitered in to look about him.

"Eh?" returned the boy, with all his might of wonder.

"What's to-day, my fine fellow?" said Scrooge.

"To-day!" replied the boy. "Why, Christmas Day."

"It's Christmas Day!" said Scrooge to himself. "I haven't missed it.
The Spirits have done it all in one night. They can do anything they
like. Of course they can. Of course they can. Hallo, my fine fellow!"

"Hallo!" returned the boy.

"Do you know the poulterer's, in the next street but one, at the
corner?" Scrooge inquired.

"I should hope I did," replied the lad.

"An intelligent boy!" said Scrooge. "A remarkable boy! Do you know
whether they've sold the prize turkey that was hanging up there?--not
the little prize turkey--the big one?"

"What, the one as big as me?" returned the boy.

"What a delightful boy!" said Scrooge. "It's a pleasure to talk to him.
Yes, my buck!"

"It's hanging there now," replied the boy.

"Is it?" said Scrooge. "Go and buy it."

"Walk-er!" exclaimed the boy.

"No, no," said Scrooge, "I am in earnest. Go and buy it, and tell 'em
to bring it here, that I may give them the direction where to take it.
Come back with the man and I'll give you a shilling. Come back with him
in less than five minutes and I'll give you half-a-crown!"

The boy was off like a shot. He must have had a steady hand at a
trigger who could have got a shot off half so fast.

"I'll send it to Bob Cratchit's!" whispered Scrooge, rubbing his hands
and splitting with a laugh. "He sha'n't know who sends it. It's twice
the size of Tiny Tim. Joe Miller never made such a joke as sending it
to Bob's will be!"

The hand in which he wrote the address was not a steady one, but write
it he did, somehow, and went downstairs to open the street door, ready
for the coming of the poulterer's man. As he stood there waiting his
arrival, the knocker caught his eye.

"I shall love it as long as I live!" cried Scrooge, patting it with his
hand. "I scarcely ever looked at it before. What an honest expression
it has in its face! It's a wonderful knocker! Here's the turkey. Hallo!
Whoop! How are you! Merry Christmas!"

It _was_ a turkey! He never could have stood upon his legs, that bird.
He would have snapped 'em short off in a minute, like sticks of sealing
wax.

"Why, it's impossible to carry that to Camden Town," said Scrooge. "You
must have a cab."

The chuckle with which he said this, and the chuckle with which he paid
for the turkey, and the chuckle with which he paid for the cab, and the
chuckle with which he recompensed the boy, were only to be exceeded by
the chuckle with which he sat down breathless in his chair again, and
chuckled till he cried.

Shaving was not an easy task, for his hand continued to shake very
much, and shaving requires attention, even when you don't dance while
you are at it. But if he had cut the end of his nose off, he would have
put a piece of sticking-plaster over it, and been quite satisfied.

He dressed himself "all in his best," and at last got out into the
streets. The people were by this time pouring forth, as he had seen
them with the Ghost of Christmas Present, and walking with his hands
behind him, Scrooge regarded every one with a delighted smile. He
looked so irresistibly pleasant, in a word, that three or four
good-humored fellows said, "Good morning, sir! A merry Christmas to
you!" And Scrooge said often afterwards, that of all the blithe sounds
he had ever heard, those were the blithest in his ears.

He had not gone far, when coming on towards him he beheld a portly
gentleman who had walked into his counting-house the day before and
said, "Scrooge and Marley's I believe?" It sent a pang across his heart
to think how this old gentleman would look upon him when they met, but
he knew what path lay straight before him, and he took it.

"My dear sir," said Scrooge, quickening his pace, and taking the old
gentleman by both his hands, "how do you do? I hope you succeeded
yesterday. It was very kind of you. A merry Christmas to you, sir!"

"Mr. Scrooge?"

"Yes," said Scrooge, "that is my name, and I fear it may not be
pleasant to you. Allow me to ask your pardon. And will you have the
goodness"--here Scrooge whispered in his ear.

"Lord bless me!" cried the gentleman, as if his breath was taken away.
"My dear Mr. Scrooge, are you serious?"

"If you please," said Scrooge. "Not a farthing less. A great many back
payments are included in it, I assure you. Will you do me that favor?"

"My dear sir," said the other, shaking hands with him, "I don't know
what to say to such munifi--"

"Don't say anything, please," retorted Scrooge. "Come and see me. Will
you come and see me?"

"I will!" cried the old gentleman. And it was clear that he meant to do
it.

"Thank'ee," said Scrooge. "I am much obliged to you. I thank you fifty
times. Bless you!"

He went to church, and walked about the streets, and watched the people
hurrying to and fro, and patted children on the head, and questioned
beggars, and looked down into the kitchens of houses, and up to the
windows, and found that everything could yield him pleasure. He had
never dreamed that any walk--that anything--could give him so much
happiness. In the afternoon he turned his steps towards his nephew's
house.

He passed the door a dozen times before he had the courage to go up and
knock; but he made a dash, and did it.

"Is your master at home, my dear?" said Scrooge to the girl. Nice girl!
Very.

"Yes, sir."

"Where is he, my love?" said Scrooge.

"He's in the dining-room, sir, along with mistress. I'll show you
upstairs, if you please."

"Thank'ee. He knows me," said Scrooge, with his hand already on the
dining-room lock. "I'll go in here, my dear."

He turned it gently, and sidled his face in, round the door. They were
looking at the table (which was spread out in great array), for these
young housekeepers are always nervous on such points, and like to see
that everything is right.

"Fred!" said Scrooge.

Dear heart alive, how his niece by marriage started! Scrooge had
forgotten, for the moment, about her sitting in the corner with the
footstool, or he wouldn't have done it on any account.

"Why, bless my soul!" cried Fred, "who's that?"

"It's I. Your Uncle Scrooge. I have come to dinner. Will you let me in,
Fred?"

Let him in! It is a mercy he didn't shake his arm off. He was at home
in five minutes. Nothing could be heartier. His niece looked just the
same. So did Topper when _he_ came. So did the plump sister when _she_
came. So did every one when _they_ came. Wonderful party, wonderful
games, wonderful unanimity, wonderful happiness!

But he was early at the office next morning. Oh, he was early there. If
he could only be there first, and catch Bob Cratchit coming late! That
was the thing he had set his heart upon.

And he did it; yes, he did! The clock struck nine. No Bob. A quarter
past. No Bob. He was full eighteen minutes and a half behind his time.
Scrooge sat with his door wide open, that he might see him come into
the tank.

His hat was off before he opened the door; his comforter, too. He was
on his stool in a jiffy, driving away with his pen, as if he were
trying to overtake nine o'clock.

"Hallo!" growled Scrooge, in his accustomed voice, as near as he could
feign it. "What do you mean by coming here at this time of day?"

"I'm very sorry, sir," said Bob. "I _am_ behind my time."

"You are?" repeated Scrooge. "Yes, I think you are. Step this way, sir,
if you please."

"It's only once a year, sir," pleaded Bob, appearing from the tank. "It
shall not be repeated. I was making rather merry yesterday, sir."

"Now, I'll tell you what, my friend," said Scrooge, "I am not going to
stand this sort of thing any longer. And therefore," he continued,
leaping from his stool, and giving Bob such a dig in the waistcoat that
he staggered back into the tank again, "and therefore I am about to
raise your salary!"

Bob trembled, and got a little nearer to the ruler. He had a momentary
idea of knocking Scrooge down with it, holding him, and calling to the
people in the court for help and a straight-waistcoat.

"A Merry Christmas, Bob!" said Scrooge, with an earnestness that could
not be mistaken, as he clapped him on the back. "A merrier Christmas,
Bob, my good fellow, than I have given you for many a year! I'll raise
your salary, and endeavor to assist your struggling family, and we will
discuss your affairs this very afternoon over a Christmas bowl of
smoking bishop, Bob! Make up the fires and buy another coal-scuttle
before you dot another i, Bob Cratchit!"

Scrooge was better than his word. He did it all, and infinitely more;
and to Tiny Tim, who did _not_ die, he was a second father. He
became as good a friend, as good a master, and as good a man as the
good old city knew, or any other good old city, town, or borough in the
good old world. Some people laughed to see the alteration in him, but
he let them laugh, and little heeded them, for he was wise enough to
know that nothing ever happened on this globe, for good, at which some
people did not have their fill of laughter in the outset, and knowing
that such as these would be blind anyway, he thought it quite as well
that they should wrinkle up their eyes in grins, as have the malady in
less attractive forms. His own heart laughed, and that was quite enough
for him.

He had no further intercourse with Spirits, but lived upon the Total
Abstinence Principle ever afterwards, and it was always said of him,
that he knew how to keep Christmas well, if any man alive possessed the
knowledge. May that be truly said of us, and all of us! And so, as Tiny
Tim observed, God bless us, every one!




VII.

LITTLE GRETCHEN AND THE WOODEN SHOE.

A CHRISTMAS STORY FOR LITTLE CHILDREN.


The following story is one of many which has drifted down to us from
the story-loving nurseries and hearthstones of Germany. I cannot recall
when I first had it told to me as a child, varied of course by
different tellers, but always leaving that sweet, tender impression of
God's loving care for the least of his children. I have since read
different versions of it in at least a half-dozen story books for
children.

Once upon a time, a long time ago, far away across the great ocean, in
a country called Germany, there could be seen a small log hut on the
edge of a great forest, whose fir-trees extended for miles and miles to
the north. This little house, made of heavy hewn logs, had but one room
in it. A rough pine door gave entrance to this room, and a small square
window admitted the light. At the back of the house was built an
old-fashioned stone chimney, out of which in winter usually curled a
thin blue smoke, showing that there was not very much fire within.

Small as the house was, it was large enough for the two people who
lived in it. I want to tell you a story to-day about these two people.
One was an old, gray-haired woman, so old that the little children of
the village, nearly half a mile away, often wondered whether she had
come into the world with the huge mountains and the great fir-trees,
which stood like giants back of her small hut. Her face was wrinkled
all over with deep lines, which if the children could only have read
aright, would have told them of many years of cheerful, happy,
self-sacrifice, of loving, anxious watching beside sick-beds, of quiet
endurance of pain, of many a day of hunger and cold, and of a thousand
deeds of unselfish love for other people; but, of course, they could
not read this strange handwriting. They only knew that she was old and
wrinkled, and that she stooped as she walked. None of them seemed to
fear her, for her smile was always cheerful, and she had a kindly word
for each of them if they chanced to meet her on her way to and from the
village. With this old, old woman lived a very little girl. So bright
and happy was she that the travelers who passed by the lonesome little
house on the edge of the forest often thought of a sunbeam as they saw
her. These two people were known in the village as Granny Goodyear and
Little Gretchen.

The winter had come and the frost had snapped off many of the smaller
branches from the pine-trees in the forest. Gretchen and her Granny
were up by daybreak each morning. After their simple breakfast of
oatmeal, Gretchen would run to the little closet and fetch Granny's old
woolen shawl, which seemed almost as old as Granny herself. Gretchen
always claimed the right to put the shawl over her Granny's head, even
though she had to climb onto the wooden bench to do it. After carefully
pinning it under Granny's chin, she gave her a good by kiss, and Granny
started out for her morning's work in the forest. This work was nothing
more nor less than the gathering up of the twigs and branches which the
autumn winds and winter frosts had thrown upon the ground. These were
carefully gathered into a large bundle which Granny tied together with
a strong linen band. She then managed to lift the bundle to her
shoulder and trudged off to the village with it. Here she sold the
fagots for kindling wood to the people of the village. Sometimes she
would get only a few pence each day, and sometimes a dozen or more, but
on this money little Gretchen and she managed to live; they had their
home, and the forest kindly furnished the wood for the fire which kept
them warm in cold weather.

In the summer-time Granny had a little garden at the back of the hut
where she raised, with little Gretchen's help, a few potatoes and
turnips and onions. These she carefully stored away for winter use. To
this meager supply, the pennies, gained by selling the twigs from the
forest, added the oatmeal for Gretchen and a little black coffee for
Granny. Meat was a thing they never thought of having. It cost too much
money. Still, Granny and Gretchen were very happy, because they loved
each other dearly. Sometimes Gretchen would be left alone all day long
in the hut because Granny would have some work to do in the village
after selling her bundle of sticks and twigs. It was during these long
days that little Gretchen had taught herself to sing the song which the
wind sang to the pine branches. In the summer-time she learned the
chirp and twitter of the birds, until her voice might almost be
mistaken for a bird's voice; she learned to dance as the swaying
shadows did, and even to talk to the stars which shone through the
little square window when Granny came home too late or too tired to
talk.

Sometimes when the weather was fine, or her Granny had an extra bundle
of newly knitted stockings to take to the village, she would let little
Gretchen go along with her. It chanced that one of these trips to the
town came just the week before Christmas, and Gretchen's eyes were
delighted by the sight of the lovely Christmas trees which stood in the
window of the village store. It seemed to her that she would never tire
of looking at the knit dolls, the woolly lambs, the little wooden shops
with their queer, painted men and women in them, and all the other fine
things. She had never owned a play-thing in her whole life; therefore,
toys which you and I would not think much of, seemed to her to be very
beautiful.

That night, after their supper of baked potatoes was over, and little
Gretchen had cleared away the dishes and swept up the hearth because
Granny dear was so tired, she brought her own small wooden stool and
placed it very near Granny's feet and sat down upon it, folding her
hands on her lap. Granny knew that this meant she wanted to talk about
something, so she smilingly laid away the large Bible which she had
been reading, and took up her knitting, which was as much as to say:
"Well, Gretchen, dear, Granny is ready to listen."

"Granny," said Gretchen slowly, "it's almost Christmas time, isn't it?"

"Yes, dearie," said Granny, "only five more days now," and then she
sighed, but little Gretchen was so happy that she did not notice
Granny's sigh.

"What do you think, Granny, I'll get this Christmas?" said she, looking
up eagerly into Granny's face.

"Ah, child, child," said Granny, shaking her head, "you'll have no
Christmas this year. We are too poor for that."

"Oh, but Granny," interrupted little Gretchen, "think of all the
beautiful toys we saw in the village to-day. Surely Santa Claus has
sent enough for every little child."

"Ah, dearie," said Granny, "those toys are for people who can pay money
for them, and we have no money to spend for Christmas toys."

"Well, Granny," said Gretchen, "perhaps some of the little children who
live in the great house on the hill at the other end of the village
will be willing to share some of their toys with me. They will be so
glad to give some to a little girl who has none."

"Dear child, dear child," said Granny, leaning forward and stroking the
soft, shiny hair of the little girl, "your heart is full of love. You
would be glad to bring a Christmas to every child; but their heads are
so full of what they are going to get that they forget all about
anybody else but themselves." Then she sighed and shook her head.

"Well, Granny," said Gretchen, her bright, happy tone of voice growing
a little less joyous, "perhaps the dear Santa Claus will show some of
the village children how to make presents that do not cost money, and
some of them may surprise me Christmas morning with a present. And,
Granny, dear," added she, springing up from her low stool, "can't I
gather some of the pine branches and take them to the old sick man who
lives in the house by the mill, so that he can have the sweet smell of
our pine forest in his room all Christmas day?"

"Yes, dearie," said Granny, "you may do what you can to make the
Christmas bright and happy, but you must not expect any present
yourself."

"Oh, but Granny," said little Gretchen, her face brightening, "you
forget all about the shining Christmas angels, who came down to earth
and sang their wonderful song the night the beautiful Christ Child was
born! They are so loving and good that _they_ will not forget any
little child. I shall ask my dear stars to-night to tell them of us.
You know," she added, with a look of relief, "the stars are so very
high that they must know the angels quite well, as they come and go
with their messages from the loving God."

Granny sighed, as she half whispered, "Poor child, poor child!" but
Gretchen threw her arm around Granny's neck and gave her a hearty kiss,
saying as she did so: "Oh, Granny, Granny, you don't talk to the stars
often enough, else you wouldn't be sad at Christmas time." Then she
danced all around the room, whirling her little skirts about her to
show Granny how the wind had made the snow dance that day. She looked
so droll and funny that Granny forgot her cares and worries and laughed
with little Gretchen over her new snow-dance. The days passed on, and
the morning before Christmas Eve came. Gretchen having tidied up the
little room--for Granny had taught her to be a careful housewife--was
off to the forest, singing a bird-like song, almost as happy and free
as the birds themselves. She was very busy that day, preparing a
surprise for Granny. First, however, she gathered the most beautiful of
the fir branches within her reach to take the next morning to the old
sick man who lived by the mill.

The day was all too short for the happy little girl. When Granny came
trudging wearily home that night, she found the frame of the doorway
covered with green pine branches.

"It's to welcome you, Granny! It's to welcome you!" cried Gretchen;
"our dear old home wanted to give you a Christmas welcome. Don't you
see, the branches of evergreen make it look as if it were smiling all
over, and it is trying to say, 'A happy Christmas' to you, Granny!"

Granny laughed and kissed the little girl, as they opened the door and
went in together. Here was a new surprise for Granny. The four posts of
the wooden bed, which stood in one corner of the room, had been trimmed
by the busy little fingers with smaller and more flexible branches of
the pine-trees. A small bouquet of red mountain-ash berries stood at
each side of the fireplace, and these, together with the trimmed posts
of the bed, gave the plain old room quite a festival look. Gretchen
laughed and clapped her hands and danced about until the house seemed
full of music to poor, tired Granny, whose heart had been sad as she
turned towards their home that night, thinking of the disappointment
which must come to loving little Gretchen the next morning.

After supper was over little Gretchen drew her stool up to Granny's
side, and laying her soft, little hands on Granny's knee, asked to be
told once again the story of the coming of the Christ Child; how the
night that he was born the beautiful angels had sung their wonderful
song, and how the whole sky had become bright with a strange and
glorious light, never seen by the people of earth before. Gretchen had
heard the story many, many times before, but she never grew tired of
it, and now that Christmas Eve had come again, the happy little child
wanted to hear it once more.

When Granny had finished telling it the two sat quiet and silent for a
little while thinking it over; then Granny rose and said that it was
time for them to go to bed. She slowly took off her heavy wooden shoes,
such as are worn in that country, and placed them beside the hearth.
Gretchen looked thoughtfully at them for a minute or two, and then she
said, "Granny, don't you think that _somebody_ in all this wide world
will think of us to-night?"

"Nay, Gretchen," said Granny, "I don't think any one will."

"Well, then, Granny," said Gretchen, "the Christmas angels will, I
know; so I am going to take one of your wooden shoes, and put it on the
window sill outside, so that they may see it as they pass by. I am sure
the stars will tell the Christmas angels where the shoe is."

"Ah, you foolish, foolish child," said Granny; "you are only getting
ready for a disappointment. To-morrow morning there will be nothing
whatever in the shoe. I can tell you that now."

But little Gretchen would not listen. She only shook her head and cried
out: "Ah, Granny, you don't talk enough to the stars." With this she
seized the shoe, and opening the door, hurried out to place it on the
window-sill. It was very dark without, and something soft and cold
seemed to gently kiss her hair and face. Gretchen knew by this that it
was snowing, and she looked up to the sky, anxious to see if the stars
were in sight, but a strong wind was tumbling the dark, heavy
snow-clouds about and had shut away all else.

"Never mind," said Gretchen softly to herself, "the stars are up there,
even if I can't see them, and the Christmas angels do not mind
snow-storms."

Just then a rough wind went sweeping by the little girl, whispering
something to her which she could not understand, and then it made a
sudden rush up to the snow-clouds and parted them, so that the deep,
mysterious sky appeared beyond, and shining down out of the midst of it
was Gretchen's favorite star.

"Ah, little star, little star!" said the child, laughing aloud, "I knew
you were there, though I couldn't see you. Will you whisper to the
Christmas angels as they come by, that little Gretchen wants so very
much to have a Christmas gift to-morrow morning if they have one to
spare, and that she has put one of Granny's shoes upon the window-sill
ready for it?"

A moment more and the little girl, standing on tiptoe, had reached the
window-sill and placed the shoe upon it, and was back in the house
again beside Granny and the warm fire. The two went quietly to bed, and
that night as little Gretchen knelt to pray to the Heavenly Father, she
thanked him for having sent the Christ Child into the world to teach
all mankind how to be loving and unselfish, and in a few moments she
was quietly sleeping, dreaming of the Christmas angels.

The next morning, very early, even before the sun was up, little
Gretchen was awakened by the sound of sweet music coming from the
village. She listened for a moment and then she knew that the
choir-boys were singing the Christmas carols in the open air of the
village street. She sprang out of bed and began to dress herself as
quickly as possible, singing as she dressed. While Granny was slowly
putting on her clothes, little Gretchen, having finished dressing
herself, unfastened the door and hurried out to see what the Christmas
angels had left in the old wooden shoe.

The white snow covered everything--trees, stumps, roads, and
pastures--until the whole world looked like fairyland. Gretchen climbed
up on a large stone which was beneath the window and carefully lifted
down the wooden shoe. The snow tumbled off of it in a shower over the
little girl's hands, but she did not heed that; she ran hurriedly back
into the house, putting her hand into the toe of the shoe as she ran.

"Oh, Granny! Oh, Granny!" she exclaimed, "you didn't believe the
Christmas angels would think about us, but see, they have, they have!
Here is a dear little bird nestled down in the toe of your shoe! Oh,
isn't he beautiful!"

Granny came forward and looked at what the child was holding lovingly
in her hand. There she saw a tiny chick-a-dee, whose wing was evidently
broken by the rough and boisterous winds of the night before, and who
had taken shelter in the safe, dry toe of the old wooden shoe. She
gently took the little bird out of Gretchen's hands, and skilfully
bound his broken wing to his side, so that he need not hurt himself by
trying to fly with it. Then she showed Gretchen how to make a nice warm
nest for the little stranger, close beside the fire, and when their
breakfast was ready she let Gretchen feed the little bird with a few
moist crumbs.

Later in the day Gretchen carried the fresh, green boughs to the old
sick man by the mill, and on her way home stopped to see and enjoy the
Christmas toys of some other children whom she knew, never once wishing
that they were hers. When she reached home she found that the little
bird had gone to sleep. Soon, however, he opened his eyes and stretched
his head up, saying just as plain as a bird could say, "Now, my new
friends, I want you to give me something more to eat." Gretchen gladly
fed him again, and then holding him in her lap, she softly and gently
stroked his gray feathers until the little creature seemed to lose all
fear of her. That evening Granny taught her a Christmas hymn and told
her another beautiful Christmas story. Then Gretchen made up a funny
little story to tell to the birdie. He winked his eyes and turned his
head from side to side in such a droll fashion that Gretchen laughed
until the tears came.

As Granny and she got ready for bed that night, Gretchen put her arms
softly around Granny's neck, and whispered: "What a beautiful Christmas
we have had to-day, Granny! Is there anything in the world more lovely
than Christmas?"

"Nay, child, nay," said Granny, "not to such loving hearts as yours."




VIII.

THE LEGEND OF THE CHRIST CHILD.[3]

A STORY FOR CHRISTMAS EVE.


I want to tell you to-night a story which has been told to little
children in Germany for many hundreds of years.

          [3] Adapted from the German.

Once upon a time, a long, long time ago, on the night before Christmas,
a little child was wandering all alone through the streets of a great
city. There were many people on the street, fathers and mothers,
sisters and brothers, uncles and aunts, and even gray-haired
grandfathers and grandmothers, all of whom were hurrying home with
bundles of presents for each other and for their little ones. Fine
carriages rolled by, express wagons rattled past, even old carts were
pressed into service, and all things seemed in a hurry, and glad with
expectation of the coming Christmas morning.

From some of the windows bright lights were already beginning to stream
until it was almost as bright as day. But the little child seemed to
have no home, and wandered about listlessly from street to street. No
one took any notice of him, except perhaps Jack Frost, who bit his bare
toes and made the ends of his fingers tingle. The north wind, too,
seemed to notice the child, for it blew against him and pierced his
ragged garments through and through, causing him to shiver with cold.
Home after home he passed, looking with longing eyes through the
windows, in upon the glad, happy children, most of whom were helping to
trim the Christmas trees for the coming morrow.

"Surely," said the child to himself, "where there is so much gladness
and happiness, some of it may be for me." So with timid steps he
approached a large and handsome house. Through the windows he could see
a tall and stately Christmas tree already lighted. Many presents hung
upon it. Its green boughs were trimmed with gold and silver ornaments.
Slowly he climbed up the broad steps and gently rapped at the door. It
was opened by a large man-servant. He had a kindly face, although his
voice was deep and gruff. He looked at the little child for a moment,
then sadly shook his head and said, "Go down off the steps. There is no
room here for such as you." He looked sorry as he spoke; possibly he
remembered his own little ones at home, and was glad that they were not
out in this cold and bitter night. Through the open door a bright light
shone, and the warm air, filled with the fragrance of the Christmas
pine, rushed out from the inner room and greeted the little wanderer
with a kiss. As the child turned back into the cold and darkness, he
wondered why the footman had spoken thus, for surely, thought he, those
little children would love to have another companion join them in their
joyous Christmas festival. But the little children inside did not even
know that he had knocked at the door.

The street grew colder and darker as the child passed on. He went sadly
forward, saying to himself, "Is there no one in all this great city who
will share the Christmas with me?" Farther and farther down the street
he wandered, to where the homes were not so large and beautiful. There
seemed to be little children inside of nearly all the houses. They were
dancing and frolicking about. Christmas trees could be seen in nearly
every window, with beautiful dolls and trumpets and picture-books and
balls and tops and other dainty toys hung upon them. In one window the
child noticed a little lamb made of soft, white wool. Around its neck
was tied a red ribbon. It had evidently been hung on the tree for one
of the children. The little stranger stopped before this window and
looked long and earnestly at the beautiful things inside, but most of
all was he drawn toward the white lamb. At last, creeping up to the
window-pane, he gently tapped upon it. A little girl came to the window
and looked out into the dark street where the snow had now begun to
fall. She saw the child, but she only frowned and shook her head and
said, "Go away and come some other time. We are too busy to take care
of you now." Back into the dark, cold street he turned again. The wind
was whirling past him and seemed to say, "Hurry on, hurry on, we have
no time to stop. 'Tis Christmas Eve and everybody is in a hurry
to-night."

Again and again the little child rapped softly at door or window-pane.
At each place he was refused admission. One mother feared he might have
some ugly disease which her darlings would catch; another father said
he had only enough for his own children, and none to spare for beggar
brats. Still another told him to go home where he belonged, and not to
trouble other folks.

The hours passed; later grew the night, and colder blew the wind, and
darker seemed the street. Farther and farther the little one wandered.
There was scarcely any one left upon the street by this time, and the
few who remained did not seem to see the child, when suddenly ahead of
him, there appeared a bright, single ray of light. It shone through the
darkness into the child's eyes. He looked up smilingly, and said, "I
will go where the small light beckons, perhaps they will share their
Christmas with me."

Hurrying past all the other houses he soon reached the end of the
street and went straight up to the window from which the light was
streaming. It was a poor, little, low house, but the child cared not
for that. The light seemed still to call him in. From what do you
suppose the light came? Nothing but a tallow candle which had been
placed in an old cup with a broken handle, in the window, as a glad
token of Christmas Eve. There was neither curtain nor shade to the
small, square window, and as the little child looked in he saw standing
upon a neat, wooden table a branch of a Christmas tree. The room was
plainly furnished, but it was very clean. Near the fireplace sat a
lovely faced mother with a little two-year-old on her knee and an older
child beside her. The two children were looking into their mother's
face and listening to a story. She must have been telling them a
Christmas story, I think. A few bright coals were burning in the
fireplace, and all seemed light and warm within.

The little wanderer crept closer and closer to the window-pane. So
sweet was the mother's face, so loving seemed the little children, that
at last he took courage and tapped gently, very gently, on the door.
The mother stopped talking, the little children looked up. "What was
that, mother?" asked the little girl at her side. "I think it was some
one tapping on the door," replied the mother. "Run as quickly as you
can and open it, dear, for it is a bitter cold night to keep any one
waiting in this storm." "Oh, mother, I think it was the bough of the
tree tapping against the window-pane," said the little girl. "Do please
go on with our story." Again the little wanderer tapped upon the door.
"My child! my child," exclaimed the mother, rising, "that certainly was
a rap on the door. Run quickly and open it. No one must be left out in
the cold on our beautiful Christmas Eve."

The child ran to the door and threw it wide open. The mother saw the
ragged stranger standing without, cold and shivering, with bare head
and almost bare feet. She held out both hands and drew him into the
warm, bright room. "You poor dear child," was all she said, and putting
her arms around him, she drew him close to her breast. "He is very
cold, my children," she exclaimed. "We must warm him." "And," added the
little girl, "we must love him and give him some of our Christmas,
too." "Yes," said the mother, "but first let us warm him."

The mother sat down beside the fire with the child on her lap, and her
own two little ones warmed his half-frozen hands in theirs. The mother
smoothed his tangled curls, and bending low over his head, kissed the
child's face. She gathered the three little ones in her arms and the
candle and the fire light shone over them. For a moment the room was
very still. By and by the little girl said, softly, to her mother, "May
we not light the Christmas tree, and let him see how beautiful it
looks?" "Yes," said the mother. With that she seated the child on a low
stool beside the fire, and went herself to fetch the few simple
ornaments which from year to year she had saved for her children's
Christmas tree. They were soon so busy that they did not notice the
room had filled with a strange and brilliant light. They turned and
looked at the spot where the little wanderer sat. His ragged clothes
had changed to garments white and beautiful; his tangled curls seemed
like a halo of golden light about his head; but most glorious of all
was his face, which shone with a light so dazzling that they could
scarcely look upon it.

In silent wonder they gazed at the child. Their little room seemed to
grow larger and larger until it was as wide as the whole world, the
roof of their low house seemed to expand and rise, until it reached to
the sky.

With a sweet and gentle smile the wonderful child looked upon them for
a moment, and then slowly rose and floated through the air, above the
treetops, beyond the church spire, higher even than the clouds
themselves, until he appeared to them to be a shining star in the sky
above. At last he disappeared from sight. The astonished children
turned in hushed awe to their mother, and said, in a whisper, "Oh,
mother, it was the Christ Child, was it not?" And the mother answered
in a low tone, "Yes."

And it is said, dear children, that each Christmas Eve the little
Christ Child wanders through some town or village, and those who
receive him and take him into their homes and hearts have given to them
this marvelous vision which is denied to others.




IX.

A CHRISTMAS SONG.


The following anonymous poem so exquisitely expresses the true
Christmas thanksgiving and joy that we give it with this collection of
Christmas thoughts, regretting that we are not able to give the name of
the author also.

    "There is a song so thrilling,
    So far all songs excelling,
      That he who sings it sings it oft again;
    No mortal did invent it,
    But God by angels sent it,
      So deep and earnest yet so sweet and plain.

    "The love that it revealeth
    All earthly sorrows healeth,
      They flee like mist before the break of day;
    When, oh, my soul, thou learnest
    This song of songs in earnest
      Thy cares and sorrows all shall flee away."




X.

BIRTH AND CHILDHOOD OF JESUS.

THE SHEPHERDS AND THE ANGELS.


Now it came to pass there went out a decree from Cæsar Augustus, that
all the world should be enrolled. And all went to enroll themselves,
every one to his own city. And Joseph also went up from Galilee, out of
the city of Nazareth, into Judæa, to the city of David, which is called
Bethlehem, because he was of the house and family of David; to enroll
himself with Mary. And it came to pass, while they were there she
brought forth her firstborn son; and she wrapped him in
swaddling-clothes, and laid him in a manger, because there was no room
for them in the inn.

And there were shepherds in the same country abiding in the field, and
keeping watch by night over their flock. And an angel of the Lord stood
by them, and the glory of the Lord shone round about them: and they
were sore afraid. And the angel said unto them, Be not afraid; for
behold, I bring you good tidings of great joy which shall be to all the
people: for there is born to you this day in the city of David a
Saviour, which is Christ the Lord. And this is the sign unto you; ye
shall find a babe wrapped in swaddling-clothes, and lying in a manger.
And suddenly there was with the angel a multitude of the heavenly host
praising God, and saying:

    Glory to God in the highest,
    And on earth peace
    Among men in whom he is well pleased.

And it came to pass, when the angels went away from them into heaven,
the shepherds said one to another, Let us now go even unto Bethlehem,
and see this thing that is come to pass, which the Lord hath made known
unto us. And they came with haste, and found both Mary and Joseph, and
the babe lying in the manger. And when they saw it, they made known
concerning the saying which was spoken to them about this child. And
all that heard it wondered at the things which were spoken unto them by
the shepherds. But Mary kept all these sayings, pondering them in her
heart. And the shepherds returned, glorifying and praising God for all
the things that they had heard and seen, even as it was spoken unto
them.

And when eight days were fulfilled his name was called

    JESUS.


THE WISE MEN FROM THE EAST.

Now when Jesus was born, behold, Wise Men from the east came to
Jerusalem, saying, Where is he that is born King of the Jews? for we
saw his star in the east, and are come to worship him. And when Herod
the king heard it, he was troubled, and all Jerusalem with him. And
gathering together all the chief priests and scribes of the people, he
inquired of them where the Christ should be born. And they said unto
him, In Bethlehem of Judæa: for thus it is written by the prophet:
_And thou Bethlehem, land of Judah, are in no wise least among the
princes of Judah: for out of thee shall come forth a governor, which
shall be shepherd of my people Israel._ Then Herod privily called
the Wise Men, and learned of them carefully what time the star
appeared. And he sent them to Bethlehem, and said, Go and search out
carefully concerning the young child; and when ye have found him, bring
me word, that I also may come and worship him. And they, having heard
the king, went their way; and lo, the star, which they saw in the east,
went before them, till it came and stood over where the young child
was. And when they saw the star, they rejoiced with exceeding great
joy. And they came into the house and saw the young child with Mary his
mother; and they fell down and worshiped him; and opening their
treasures they offered unto him gifts, gold and frankincense and myrrh.
And being warned of God in a dream that they should not return to
Herod, they departed into their own country another way.


  PRINTED BY R. R. DONNELLEY
  AND SONS COMPANY, AT THE
  LAKESIDE PRESS, CHICAGO, ILL.






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