'\"
'\" Generated from file '/usr/obj/ports/tcllib-1.10/tcllib-1.10/modules/dns/tcllib_ip.man' by tcllib/doctools with format 'nroff'
'\" Copyright (c) 2004, Pat Thoyts
'\" Copyright (c) 2005 Aamer Akhter <aakhter@cisco.com>
'\"
'\" The definitions below are for supplemental macros used in Tcl/Tk
'\" manual entries.
'\"
'\" .AP type name in/out ?indent?
'\"	Start paragraph describing an argument to a library procedure.
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'\"	# Set up traps and other miscellaneous stuff for Tcl/Tk man pages.
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.ie !"\\$4"" .TP \\$4
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.de DS
.RS
.nf
.sp
..
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.de DE
.fi
.RE
.sp
..
'\"	# SO - start of list of standard options
.de SO
.SH "STANDARD OPTIONS"
.LP
.nf
.ta 4c 8c 12c
.ft B
..
'\"	# SE - end of list of standard options
.de SE
.fi
.ft R
.LP
See the \\fBoptions\\fR manual entry for details on the standard options.
..
'\"	# OP - start of full description for a single option
.de OP
.LP
.nf
.ta 4c
Command-Line Name:	\\fB\\$1\\fR
Database Name:	\\fB\\$2\\fR
Database Class:	\\fB\\$3\\fR
.fi
.IP
..
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.de UL
\\$1\l'|0\(ul'\\$2
..
.TH "tcllib_ip" n 1.1.2 dns "Domain Name Service"
.BS
.SH NAME
tcllib_ip \- IPv4 and IPv6 address manipulation
.SH SYNOPSIS
package require \fBTcl  8.2\fR
.sp
package require \fBip  ?1.1.2?\fR
.sp
\fB::ip::version\fR \fIaddress\fR
.sp
\fB::ip::is\fR \fIclass\fR \fIaddress\fR
.sp
\fB::ip::equal\fR \fIaddress\fR \fIaddress\fR
.sp
\fB::ip::normalize\fR \fIaddress\fR
.sp
\fB::ip::contract\fR \fIaddress\fR
.sp
\fB::ip::prefix\fR \fIaddress\fR
.sp
\fB::ip::type\fR \fIaddress\fR
.sp
\fB::ip::mask\fR \fIaddress\fR
.sp
\fB::ip::prefixToNative\fR \fIprefix\fR
.sp
\fB::ip::nativeToPrefix\fR \fInativeList\fR|\fInative\fR ?\fB-ipv4\fR?
.sp
\fB::ip::intToString\fR \fInumber\fR ?\fB-ipv4\fR?
.sp
\fB::ip::toInteger\fR \fIipaddr\fR
.sp
\fB::ip::toHex\fR \fIipaddr\fR
.sp
\fB::ip::maskToInt\fR \fIipmask\fR
.sp
\fB::ip::broadcastAddress\fR \fIprefix\fR ?\fB-ipv4\fR?
.sp
\fB::ip::maskToLength\fR \fIdottedMask\fR|\fIintegerMask\fR|\fIhexMask\fR ?\fB-ipv4\fR?
.sp
\fB::ip::lengthToMask\fR \fImaskLength\fR ?\fB-ipv4\fR?
.sp
\fB::ip::nextNet\fR \fIipaddr\fR \fIipmask\fR ?\fIcount\fR? ?\fB-ipv4\fR?
.sp
\fB::ip::isOverlap\fR \fIprefix\fR \fIprefix\fR...
.sp
\fB::ip::isOverlapNative\fR ?\fB-all\fR? ?\fB-inline\fR? ?\fB-ipv4\fR? \fIhexipaddr\fR \fIhexipmask\fR \fIhexiplist\fR
.sp
\fB::ip::ipToLayer2Multicast\fR \fIipaddr\fR
.sp
\fB::ip::ipHostFromPrefix\fR \fIprefix\fR ?\fB-exclude\fR \fIprefixExcludeList\fR?
.sp
\fB::ip::reduceToAggregates\fR \fIprefixlist\fR
.sp
\fB::ip::longestPrefixMatch\fR \fIipaddr\fR \fIprefixlist\fR ?\fB-ipv4\fR?
.sp
.BE
.SH DESCRIPTION
.PP
This package provides a set of commands to help in parsing, displaying
and comparing internet addresses. The package can handle both IPv4 (1)
and IPv6 (2) address types.
.SH COMMANDS
.TP
\fB::ip::version\fR \fIaddress\fR
Returns the protocol version of the address (4 or 6) or 0 if the
address is neither IPv4 or IPv6.
.TP
\fB::ip::is\fR \fIclass\fR \fIaddress\fR
Returns true if the address is a member of the given protocol
class. The class parameter may be either \fIipv4\fR or \fIipv6\fR
This is effectively a boolean equivalent of the \fBversion\fR
command. The \fIclass\fR argument may be shortened to \fI4\fR or
\fI6\fR.
.TP
\fB::ip::equal\fR \fIaddress\fR \fIaddress\fR
Compare two address specifications for equivalence. The arguments are
normalized and the address prefix determined (if a mask is
supplied). The normalized addresses are then compared bit-by-bit and
the procedure returns true if they match.
.TP
\fB::ip::normalize\fR \fIaddress\fR
Convert an IPv4 or IPv6 address into a fully expanded version. There
are various shorthand ways to write internet addresses, missing out
redundant parts or digts.. This procedure is the opposite of
\fBcontract\fR.
.TP
\fB::ip::contract\fR \fIaddress\fR
Convert a \fBnormalize\fRd internet address into a more compact form
suitable for displaying to users.
.TP
\fB::ip::prefix\fR \fIaddress\fR
Returns the address prefix generated by masking the address part with
the mask if provided. If there is no mask then it is equivalent to
calling \fBnormalize\fR
.TP
\fB::ip::type\fR \fIaddress\fR
.TP
\fB::ip::mask\fR \fIaddress\fR
If the address supplied includes a mask then this is returned
otherwise returns an empty string.
.TP
\fB::ip::prefixToNative\fR \fIprefix\fR
This command converts the string \fIprefix\fR from dotted form
(<ipaddr>/<mask> format) to native (hex) form. Returns a list
containing two elements, ipaddress and mask, in this order, in
hexadecimal notation.
.sp
.nf

   % ip::prefixToNative 1.1.1.0/24
   0x01010100 0xffffff00

.fi
.TP
\fB::ip::nativeToPrefix\fR \fInativeList\fR|\fInative\fR ?\fB-ipv4\fR?
This command converts from native (hex) form to dotted form.
It is the complement of \fB::ip::prefixToNative\fR.
.sp
.RS
.TP
\fInativeList\fR list (in)
List of several ip addresses in native form. The native form is a list
as returned by \fB::ip::prefixToNative\fR.
.TP
\fInative\fR list (in)
A list as returned by \fB::ip::prefixToNative\fR.
.RE
.sp
The command returns a list of addresses in dotted form if it was
called with a list of addresses. Otherwise a single address in dotted
form is returned.
.sp
.nf

   % ip::nativeToPrefix {0x01010100 0xffffff00} -ipv4
   1.1.1.0/24

.fi
.TP
\fB::ip::intToString\fR \fInumber\fR ?\fB-ipv4\fR?
This command converts from an ip address specified as integer number
to dotted form.
.sp
.nf

       ip::intToString 4294967295
       255.255.255.255

.fi
.TP
\fB::ip::toInteger\fR \fIipaddr\fR
This command converts a dotted form ip into an integer number.
.sp
.nf

   % ::ip::toInteger 1.1.1.0
   16843008

.fi
.TP
\fB::ip::toHex\fR \fIipaddr\fR
This command converts dotted form ip into a hexadecimal number.
.sp
.nf

   % ::ip::toHex 1.1.1.0
   0x01010100

.fi
.TP
\fB::ip::maskToInt\fR \fIipmask\fR
This command convert an ipmask in either dotted (255.255.255.0) form
or mask length form (24) into an integer number.
.sp
.nf

   ::ip::maskToInt 24
   4294967040

.fi
.TP
\fB::ip::broadcastAddress\fR \fIprefix\fR ?\fB-ipv4\fR?
This commands returns a broadcast address in dotted form for the given
route \fIprefix\fR, either in the form "addr/mask", or in native
form. The result is in dotted form.
.sp
.nf

   ::ip::broadcastAddress 1.1.1.0/24
   1.1.1.255

   ::ip::broadcastAddress {0x01010100 0xffffff00}
   0x010101ff

.fi



.TP
\fB::ip::maskToLength\fR \fIdottedMask\fR|\fIintegerMask\fR|\fIhexMask\fR ?\fB-ipv4\fR?


This command converts the dotted or integer form of an ipmask to
the mask length form.


.sp


.nf

   ::ip::maskToLength 0xffffff00 -ipv4
   24

   % ::ip::maskToLength 255.255.255.0
   24

.fi
.TP
\fB::ip::lengthToMask\fR \fImaskLength\fR ?\fB-ipv4\fR?
This command converts an ipmask in mask length form to its dotted
form.
.sp
.nf

   ::ip::lengthToMask 24
   255.255.255.0

.fi
.TP
\fB::ip::nextNet\fR \fIipaddr\fR \fIipmask\fR ?\fIcount\fR? ?\fB-ipv4\fR?
This command returns an ipaddress in the same position in the
\fIcount\fR next network. The default value for \fIcount\fR is
\fB1\fR.
.sp
The address can be specified as either integer number or in dotted
form. The mask can be specified as either integer number, dotted form,
or mask length form.
.sp
The result is in hex form.
.TP
\fB::ip::isOverlap\fR \fIprefix\fR \fIprefix\fR...
This command checks if the given ip prefixes overlap.  All arguments
are in dotted "addr/mask" form. All arguments after the first prefix
are compared against the first prefix. The result is a boolean
value. It is true if an overlap was found for any of the prefixes.
.sp
.nf

  % ::ip::isOverlap 1.1.1.0/24 2.1.0.1/32
  0

  ::ip::isOverlap 1.1.1.0/24 2.1.0.1/32 1.1.1.1/32
  1

.fi
.TP
\fB::ip::isOverlapNative\fR ?\fB-all\fR? ?\fB-inline\fR? ?\fB-ipv4\fR? \fIhexipaddr\fR \fIhexipmask\fR \fIhexiplist\fR
This command is similar to \fB::ip::isOverlap\fR, however the
arguments are in the native form, and the form of the result is under
greater control of the caller.
If the option \fB-all\fR is specified it checks all addresses for
overlap, not only until the first one is found.
If the option \fB-inline\fR is specified the command returns the
overlapping prefix instead of index values.
.sp
The result of the command is, depending on the specified options,
.RS
.TP
no options
The index of the first overlap found, or 0 if there is none.
.TP
-all
A list containing the indices of all overlaps found, or an empty list
if there are none.
.TP
-inline
The first overlapping prefix, or an empoty string if there is none.
.TP
-all -inline
A list containing the prefixes of all overlaps found, or an empty list
if there are none.
.RE
.sp
.nf

  % ::ip::isOverlapNative 0x01010100 0xffffff00 {{0x02010001 0xffffffff}}
  0

  % ::ip::isOverlapNative 0x01010100 0xffffff00 {{0x02010001 0xffffffff} {0x01010101 0xffffffff}}
  2

.fi
.TP
\fB::ip::ipToLayer2Multicast\fR \fIipaddr\fR
This command an converts ipv4 address in dotted form into a layer 2
multicast address, also in dotted form.
.sp
.nf

  % ::ip::ipToLayer2Multicast 224.0.0.2
  01.00.5e.00.00.02

.fi
.TP
\fB::ip::ipHostFromPrefix\fR \fIprefix\fR ?\fB-exclude\fR \fIprefixExcludeList\fR?
This command returns a host address from a prefix in the form
"ipaddr/masklen", also making sure that the result is not an address
found in the \fIprefixExcludeList\fR.
The result is an ip address in dotted form.
.sp
.nf

  %::ip::ipHostFromPrefix  1.1.1.5/24
  1.1.1.1

  %::ip::ipHostFromPrefix  1.1.1.1/32
  1.1.1.1

.fi
.TP
\fB::ip::reduceToAggregates\fR \fIprefixlist\fR
This command finds nets that overlap and filters out the more specifc
nets. The prefixes are in either addr/mask form or in native format.
The result is a list containing the non-overlapping ip prefixes from
the input.
.sp
.nf

  % ::ip::reduceToAggregates {1.1.1.0/24 1.1.0.0/8  2.1.1.0/24 1.1.1.1/32 }
  1.0.0.0/8 2.1.1.0/24

.fi
.TP
\fB::ip::longestPrefixMatch\fR \fIipaddr\fR \fIprefixlist\fR ?\fB-ipv4\fR?
This command finds longest prefix match from set of prefixes, given a
specific host address. The prefixes in the list are in either native
or dotted form, whereas the host address is in either ipprefix format,
dotted form, or integer form.
The result is the prefix which is the most specific match to the host
address.
.sp
.nf

  % ::ip::longestPrefixMatch 1.1.1.1 {1.1.1.0/24 1.0.0.0/8  2.1.1.0/24 1.1.1.0/28 }
  1.1.1.0/28

.fi
.PP
.SH EXAMPLES
.PP
.nf

% ip::version ::1
6
% ip::version 127.0.0.1
4

.fi
.nf

% ip::normalize 127/8
127.0.0.0/8
% ip::contract 192.168.0.0
192.168
%
% ip::normalize fec0::1
fec0:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001
% ip::contract fec0:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001
fec0::1

.fi
.nf

% ip::equal 192.168.0.4/16 192.168.0.0/16
1
% ip::equal fec0::1/10 fec0::fe01/10
1

.fi
.SH REFERENCES
.IP [1]
Postel, J. "Internet Protocol." RFC 791,  September 1981,
(\fIhttp://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc791.txt\fR)
.IP [2]
Hinden, R. and Deering, S.,
"Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Addressing Architecture",
RFC 3513, April 2003
(\fIhttp://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3513.txt\fR)
.PP
.SH AUTHORS
Pat Thoyts
.SH "BUGS, IDEAS, FEEDBACK"
This document, and the package it describes, will undoubtedly contain
bugs and other problems.
Please report such in the category \fIdns\fR of the
\fITcllib SF Trackers\fR [http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?group_id=12883].
Please also report any ideas for enhancements you may have for either
package and/or documentation.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
inet(3), ip(7), ipv6(7)
.SH KEYWORDS
internet address, ip, ipv4, ipv6, rfc 3513
.SH COPYRIGHT
.nf
Copyright (c) 2004, Pat Thoyts
Copyright (c) 2005 Aamer Akhter <aakhter@cisco.com>

.fi